Demite Peterson R, Feres Reinaldo J F
Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal, UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, SP.
Neotrop Entomol. 2008 Mar-Apr;37(2):196-204. doi: 10.1590/s1519-566x2008000200015.
The aim of this study was to verify whether fragments of cerrado influence the composition of the mite fauna on rubber trees. Five transects distant 50 m, being the first in the edge near the native areas and the last 200 m inside the crop, were established in each rubber tree crop in southern State of Mato Grosso. In each transect five plants were chosen, and seven leaves were collected from each plant. During one year, 25 quantitative samplings were conducted in two rubber tree crops. The lowest number of phytophagous mites occurred in the transect closer to the native vegetation, and the highest number, in the most distant from the native vegetation. The largest diversity was also observed in the transect closer to the neighboring vegetation. Ten species of predatory mites were also registered in neighboring native areas. These data suggest the movement of predatory mites from the native areas to the monoculture. These natural areas can possibly supply alternative food and habitat for natural enemies of phytophagous mites in the period of food scarceness in the rubber tree crop. The presence of native areas close to culture areas should be taken into account in the elaboration of programs of ecological management of pests.
本研究的目的是验证塞拉多片段是否会影响橡胶树螨虫群落的组成。在马托格罗索州南部的每片橡胶园里，设置了5条相距50米的样带，第一条位于靠近原生区域的边缘，最后一条在作物内部200米处。在每条样带中选取5株植物，从每株植物上采集7片叶子。在一年时间里，对两片橡胶园进行了25次定量采样。植食性螨类数量最少的样带位于靠近原生植被的地方，而数量最多的样带则离原生植被最远。在靠近相邻植被的样带中也观察到了最大的多样性。在相邻的原生区域还记录到了10种捕食性螨类。这些数据表明捕食性螨类从原生区域向单一栽培区域移动。在橡胶树作物食物短缺时期，这些自然区域可能为植食性螨类的天敌提供替代食物和栖息地。在制定害虫生态管理计划时，应考虑靠近种植区域的原生区域的存在。
