Department of Ecology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Campus Samambaia, Caixa Postal 131, Goiânia, CEP 74001-970, Brazil.
Exp Appl Acarol. 2012 Jun;57(2):127-37. doi: 10.1007/s10493-012-9552-y. Epub 2012 Apr 17.
The influence of Calacarus heveae Feres on physiological processes was evaluated in two rubber tree clones. Experiments were conducted in a greenhouse with 5-month-old potted seedlings of RRIM 600 and GT 1 clones, that were either infested with C. heveae or not (non-infested control). The level of photosynthetic pigments, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, changes in relative humidity between leaf surface and ambient air (Δw) and intercellular CO(2) concentration (Ci CO(2)) were evaluated. Infested plants showed significant reductions in the rate of transpiration, the rate of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and Δw. RRIM 600 seedlings showed more pronounced physiological damage than GT 1 seedlings, indicating a lower physiological tolerance of the former clone to the mite. However, carotenoid levels were reduced only in GT 1 seedlings. Photosynthesis was probably reduced due to a decrease in stomatal opening, as indicated by reductions in transpiration rate and stomatal conductance and by the absence of differences in chlorophyll levels between treatments. Our results indicate that populations of C. heveae reduce the productivity of rubber trees. Thus, farmers must to be aware to control this mite pest in rubber tree plantations.
评估了巴西橡胶树爪哇根结线虫（Calacarus heveae Feres）对两种橡胶树无性系生理过程的影响。在温室中对 RRIM 600 和 GT 1 无性系的 5 个月大盆栽幼苗进行了实验，这些幼苗要么受到爪哇根结线虫的侵害，要么没有受到侵害（非侵害对照）。评估了光合色素、净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、叶面与环境空气之间的相对湿度变化（Δw）和胞间 CO2 浓度（Ci CO2）。受侵害的植物蒸腾速率、光合速率、气孔导度和 Δw 显著降低。RRIM 600 幼苗比 GT 1 幼苗表现出更明显的生理损伤，表明前者对螨的生理耐受性较低。然而，只有 GT 1 幼苗的类胡萝卜素水平降低。光合作用可能由于气孔开度的降低而减少，这表明蒸腾速率和气孔导度降低，并且处理之间的叶绿素水平没有差异。我们的结果表明，爪哇根结线虫种群降低了橡胶树的生产力。因此，农民必须意识到要在橡胶树种植园中控制这种螨类害虫。
