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The relative risk of cardiovascular death among racial and ethnic minorities with metabolic syndrome: data from the NHANES-II mortality follow-up.患有代谢综合征的少数族裔心血管死亡的相对风险：来自美国国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES-II）死亡率随访的数据
J Natl Med Assoc. 2008 May;100(5):565-71. doi: 10.1016/s0027-9684(15)31304-3.
2
An examination of sex and racial/ethnic differences in the metabolic syndrome among adults: a confirmatory factor analysis and a resulting continuous severity score.成人代谢综合征中性别和种族/民族差异的研究：验证性因子分析及由此产生的连续严重程度评分。
Metabolism. 2014 Feb;63(2):218-25. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2013.10.006. Epub 2013 Oct 24.
3
Racial/ethnic discrepancies in the metabolic syndrome begin in childhood and persist after adjustment for environmental factors.在调整环境因素后，代谢综合征在儿童期开始出现种族/民族差异，并持续存在。
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2012 Feb;22(2):141-8. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2010.05.006. Epub 2010 Aug 12.
4
Racial/ethnic and sex differences in the relationship between uric acid and metabolic syndrome in adolescents: an analysis of National Health and Nutrition Survey 1999-2006.青少年尿酸与代谢综合征之间的关系存在种族/民族和性别差异：对 1999-2006 年全国健康和营养调查的分析。
Metabolism. 2012 Apr;61(4):554-61. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2011.09.003. Epub 2011 Oct 13.
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Prediction of cardiovascular death in racial/ethnic minorities using Framingham risk factors.利用弗明汉风险因素预测少数族裔的心血管死亡情况。
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2010 Mar;3(2):181-7. doi: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.108.831073. Epub 2010 Feb 2.
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A confirmatory factor analysis of the metabolic syndrome in adolescents: an examination of sex and racial/ethnic differences.青少年代谢综合征的验证性因子分析：性别和种族/民族差异的检验。
Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2012 Oct 13;11:128. doi: 10.1186/1475-2840-11-128.
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Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease in older people: The cardiovascular health study.老年人的代谢综合征与心血管疾病：心血管健康研究
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2006 Sep;54(9):1317-24. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2006.00862.x.
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Metabolic syndrome in nondiabetic, obese, first-degree relatives of African American patients with type 2 diabetes: African American triglycerides-HDL-C and insulin resistance paradox.非糖尿病、肥胖的非裔美国2型糖尿病患者一级亲属中的代谢综合征：非裔美国人甘油三酯-高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与胰岛素抵抗悖论
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Low sensitivity for the metabolic syndrome to detect uric acid elevations in females and non-Hispanic-black male adolescents: an analysis of NHANES 1999-2006.代谢综合征对女性和非西班牙裔黑人男性青少年血尿酸升高的敏感性较低：对 NHANES 1999-2006 的分析。
Atherosclerosis. 2012 Feb;220(2):575-80. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.11.033. Epub 2011 Nov 28.
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Geographical variation in the prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes among US adults.美国成年人中肥胖、代谢综合征和糖尿病的流行率存在地域差异。
Nutr Diabetes. 2018 Mar 13;8(1):14. doi: 10.1038/s41387-018-0024-2.

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Association between Elder Abuse and Metabolic Syndromes: Findings from the Chicago Health and Aging Project.老年人虐待与代谢综合征之间的关联：来自芝加哥健康与老龄化项目的研究结果。
Gerontology. 2015;61(5):389-98. doi: 10.1159/000368577. Epub 2014 Nov 29.
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Obesity and african americans: physiologic and behavioral pathways.肥胖与非裔美国人：生理和行为途径
ISRN Obes. 2013 Jan 27;2013:314295. doi: 10.1155/2013/314295. eCollection 2013.
7
A nutrient-dense, high-fiber, fruit-based supplement bar increases HDL cholesterol, particularly large HDL, lowers homocysteine, and raises glutathione in a 2-wk trial.一种营养密集、高纤维、以水果为基础的补充棒，在为期 2 周的试验中增加了高密度脂蛋白胆固醇，特别是大的高密度脂蛋白，降低了同型半胱氨酸，并提高了谷胱甘肽。
FASEB J. 2012 Aug;26(8):3515-27. doi: 10.1096/fj.11-201558. Epub 2012 May 1.
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A bivariate genome-wide approach to metabolic syndrome: STAMPEED consortium.双变量全基因组方法研究代谢综合征：STAMPEED 联盟。
Diabetes. 2011 Apr;60(4):1329-39. doi: 10.2337/db10-1011. Epub 2011 Mar 8.
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Worksite health screening programs for predicting the development of Metabolic Syndrome in middle-aged employees: a five-year follow-up study.工作场所健康筛查计划预测中年员工代谢综合征的发生：一项为期五年的随访研究。
BMC Public Health. 2010 Dec 2;10:747. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-747.
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The genetics of obesity and the metabolic syndrome.肥胖与代谢综合征的遗传学
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2010 Jun;10(2):86-108. doi: 10.2174/187153010791213100.

本文引用的文献

1
The Framingham Heart Study, on its way to becoming the gold standard for Cardiovascular Genetic Epidemiology?弗雷明汉心脏研究，正朝着成为心血管遗传流行病学的金标准迈进？
BMC Med Genet. 2007 Oct 4;8:63. doi: 10.1186/1471-2350-8-63.
2
Racial and ethnic differences in cardiovascular disease risk factors: a systematic review.心血管疾病危险因素中的种族和民族差异：一项系统综述。
Ethn Dis. 2007 Winter;17(1):143-52.
3
Clinical value of the metabolic syndrome for long term prediction of total and cardiovascular mortality: prospective, population based cohort study.代谢综合征对全因死亡率和心血管死亡率长期预测的临床价值：基于人群的前瞻性队列研究。
BMJ. 2006 Apr 15;332(7546):878-82. doi: 10.1136/bmj.38766.624097.1F. Epub 2006 Mar 1.
4
The metabolic syndrome--a new worldwide definition.代谢综合征——一个新的全球定义。
Lancet. 2005;366(9491):1059-62. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67402-8.
5
The metabolic syndrome: time for a critical appraisal: joint statement from the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes.代谢综合征：进行批判性评估的时候了：美国糖尿病协会和欧洲糖尿病研究协会联合声明
Diabetes Care. 2005 Sep;28(9):2289-304. doi: 10.2337/diacare.28.9.2289.
6
Risks for all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes associated with the metabolic syndrome: a summary of the evidence.与代谢综合征相关的全因死亡率、心血管疾病和糖尿病风险：证据总结
Diabetes Care. 2005 Jul;28(7):1769-78. doi: 10.2337/diacare.28.7.1769.
7
Excess deaths associated with underweight, overweight, and obesity.与体重过轻、超重和肥胖相关的超额死亡。
JAMA. 2005 Apr 20;293(15):1861-7. doi: 10.1001/jama.293.15.1861.
8
Discovering the full spectrum of cardiovascular disease: Minority Health Summit 2003: report of the Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Hypertension Writing Group.探索心血管疾病的全貌：2003年少数族裔健康峰会：肥胖、代谢综合征与高血压写作小组报告
Circulation. 2005 Mar 15;111(10):e134-9. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000157743.54710.04.
9
Prevalence of heart disease and stroke risk factors in persons with prehypertension in the United States, 1999-2000.1999 - 2000年美国高血压前期人群中心脏病和中风风险因素的患病率
Arch Intern Med. 2004 Oct 25;164(19):2113-8. doi: 10.1001/archinte.164.19.2113.
10
Hypertension treatment in African Americans: physiology is less important than sociology.
Cleve Clin J Med. 2004 Sep;71(9):735-43. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.71.9.735.

患有代谢综合征的少数族裔心血管死亡的相对风险：来自美国国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES-II）死亡率随访的数据

The relative risk of cardiovascular death among racial and ethnic minorities with metabolic syndrome: data from the NHANES-II mortality follow-up.

作者信息

Martins David, Tareen Naureen, Ogedegbe Godwin, Pan Deyu, Norris Keith

机构信息

Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Clinical Research Center, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA.

出版信息

J Natl Med Assoc. 2008 May;100(5):565-71. doi: 10.1016/s0027-9684(15)31304-3.

DOI:10.1016/s0027-9684(15)31304-3
PMID:18507210
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5025288/
Abstract

The tendency for selected cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors to occur in clusters has led to the description of metabolic syndrome (MetS). The relative impact of the individual risk factor on the overall relative risk (RR) for cardiovascular death from metabolic syndrome is not well established and may differ across the different racial/ethnic groups. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES II) mortality follow-up (NH2MS), we determined the prevalence and RR of cardiovascular death for individual components in the overall population and across racial and ethnic groups. The prevalence of MetS components varied significantly across gender and racial/ethnic groupings. The RR for CVD also varies for the number and different components of MetS. The adjusted RR for cardiovascular death was highest with diabetes (3.23; 95% CI: 2.70-3.88), elevated blood pressure (2.28; 95% CI: 1.94-2.67) and high triglycerides (1.63; 95% CI: 1.34-2.00). Although the RR for cardiovascular death differs significantly for some of the different components, the overall findings were similar across racial/ethnic groups. The two components that confer the highest risks for death are more prevalent in African Americans. We concluded that the RR of cardiovascular death associated with the diagnosis of MetS varies depending on the number and components used to establish the diagnosis of MetS and the racial/ethnic characteristic of the participants.

摘要

特定心血管疾病（CVD）危险因素成簇出现的倾向促使了代谢综合征（MetS）这一概念的形成。个体危险因素对代谢综合征所致心血管死亡总体相对风险（RR）的影响尚未明确，且可能因不同种族/族裔群体而异。利用美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES II）死亡率随访（NH2MS）的数据，我们确定了总体人群以及不同种族和族裔群体中各单项指标的心血管死亡患病率及RR。代谢综合征各组分的患病率在性别和种族/族裔分组中差异显著。心血管疾病的RR也因代谢综合征的数量和不同组分而有所不同。经调整后的心血管死亡RR在糖尿病患者中最高（3.23；95%可信区间：2.70 - 3.88），其次是血压升高（2.28；95%可信区间：1.94 - 2.67）和高甘油三酯血症（1.63；95%可信区间：1.34 - 2.00）。尽管某些不同组分的心血管死亡RR差异显著，但总体研究结果在不同种族/族裔群体中相似。导致死亡风险最高的两个组分在非裔美国人中更为普遍。我们得出结论，与代谢综合征诊断相关的心血管死亡RR因用于确立代谢综合征诊断的指标数量和组分以及参与者的种族/族裔特征而异。