Sun Zilin, Liu Lili, Liu Naifeng, Liu Yuefei
Department of Endocrinology, ZhongDa hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
Front Biosci. 2008 May 1;13:4765-94. doi: 10.2741/3038.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an epidemic medical challenge that threatens the health and life quality of people worldwide. DM impairs metabolic, neural and vascular function and thus has profound impacts on different systems and organs in the body. Though continuous endeavour has been made to study its etiology and mechanisms, no cure for DM has yet been found. DM development may be multi-factorial. The skeletal muscle is one of the most important systems, involved in the development of DM, and affected by insulin. DM induces diverse functional, metabolic, and structural changes in the skeletal muscle. DM reduces the functional capacity of skeletal muscle leading to muscle weakness, causes metabolic disturbance characterized by reduced cellular glucose uptake and fatty acid oxidation, and structural changes with muscle atrophy, augmented lipid deposition, decreased mitochondria as well as muscle fiber transformation. DM-induced changes in the skeletal muscle seem to be dependent on types and severity of DM as well as on muscle fibers. The central mechanism underlying these changes is impaired insulin action in the skeletal muscle.
糖尿病（DM）是一项流行的医学挑战，威胁着全球人们的健康和生活质量。糖尿病损害代谢、神经和血管功能，因此对身体的不同系统和器官产生深远影响。尽管人们一直在不断努力研究其病因和机制，但尚未找到治愈糖尿病的方法。糖尿病的发展可能是多因素的。骨骼肌是参与糖尿病发展且受胰岛素影响的最重要系统之一。糖尿病会在骨骼肌中引发多种功能、代谢和结构变化。糖尿病会降低骨骼肌的功能能力，导致肌肉无力，引发以细胞葡萄糖摄取减少和脂肪酸氧化为特征的代谢紊乱，以及出现肌肉萎缩、脂质沉积增加、线粒体减少和肌纤维转化等结构变化。糖尿病引起的骨骼肌变化似乎取决于糖尿病的类型和严重程度以及肌纤维。这些变化的核心机制是骨骼肌中胰岛素作用受损。
