Kiliç Selim, Gray Gregory C
Department of Epidemiology, Gülhane Military Medical School, Ankara, Turkey.
Turk Silahli Kuvvetleri Koruyucu Hekim Bul. 2007;6(4):285-290.
Influenza causes substantial illness and loss of work days among young adults, and outbreaks can affect the preparedness of military units. In an influenza pandemic, people who live in confined settings have greater risk of infection. Military trainees are at particularly high risk. Because of likely unavailability of vaccines and antiviral drugs at the start of a pandemic and for many months thereafter, nonpharmaceutical interventions may be very important. During a pandemic, it seems prudent that military public health officials employ at least several nonpharmaceutical interventions. For example frequent handwashing and respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette should be strongly encouraged among soldiers. Head-to-toe sleeping, a "no-cost" intervention should be for crowded berthing areas. Isolation of patients with influenza and quarantine of their close contacts should be employed. Masks and alcohol-based hand rubs may be employed among those at highest risk. Finally, whenever possible military planners should, reduce crowding and limit the interaction of training cohorts to reduce risk of influenza virus transmission.
流感会导致年轻人患重病并损失工作日，疫情爆发还会影响军事单位的战备状态。在流感大流行期间，生活在封闭环境中的人感染风险更高。军事训练学员的风险尤其高。由于在大流行开始时及之后的许多个月内可能无法获得疫苗和抗病毒药物，非药物干预措施可能非常重要。在大流行期间，军事公共卫生官员采取至少几种非药物干预措施似乎是明智的。例如，应大力鼓励士兵经常洗手并保持呼吸道卫生/咳嗽礼仪。对于拥挤的居住区域，“零成本”的干预措施——从头到脚覆盖式睡眠应当实施。应隔离流感患者并对其密切接触者进行检疫。在风险最高的人群中可使用口罩和酒精擦手液。最后，军事规划人员应尽可能减少拥挤情况，并限制训练群体之间的互动，以降低流感病毒传播风险。
