Colen Teran W, Gunn Martin, Cook Erin, Dubinsky Theodore
Department of Radiology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Eur Radiol. 2008 Nov;18(11):2433-45. doi: 10.1007/s00330-008-1037-3. Epub 2008 Jun 4.
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a disease with high morbidity and a mortality rate of 9-30%, even with appropriate diagnosis and therapy. Septic emboli, caused by IE, can affect any organ or tissue in the body with an arterial supply and occur in 12-40% of IE cases. The most common extra-cardiac organ system involved in IE is the central nervous system. Other organs frequently involved are the lungs (especially in right-sided IE), spleen, kidneys, liver, and the musculoskeletal system. In addition, the arterial system itself is susceptible to the development of potentially fatal mycotic aneurysms. As extra-cardiac complications often antedate the clinical diagnosis of IE, it is important that the diagnosis is suggested when characteristic findings are encountered during imaging. In addition, imaging is often used to monitor the extent of complications in patients with a known diagnosis of IE.
感染性心内膜炎（IE）是一种发病率高的疾病，即使经过适当的诊断和治疗，死亡率仍为9%至30%。由IE引起的脓毒性栓子可影响身体任何有动脉供血的器官或组织，在12%至40%的IE病例中出现。IE最常累及的心外器官系统是中枢神经系统。其他经常受累的器官是肺（尤其是右侧IE）、脾脏、肾脏、肝脏和肌肉骨骼系统。此外，动脉系统本身易发生潜在致命的霉菌性动脉瘤。由于心外并发症往往早于IE的临床诊断出现，因此在影像学检查中遇到特征性表现时提示诊断很重要。此外，影像学检查常被用于监测已知患有IE的患者并发症的程度。
