Kumar R, Matasar K, Stansberry S, Shirkhoda A, David R, Madewell J E, Swischuck L E
Department of Radiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77550-2774.
Radiographics. 1991 May;11(3):415-40. doi: 10.1148/radiographics.11.3.1852935.
The calcaneus is the largest tarsal bone. Many congenital and acquired disorders affect the bone. Primary disorders arise in the calcaneus itself, whereas secondary disorders arising in the neighboring soft tissues extend into and affect the calcaneus indirectly. Among the primary lesions, congenital, traumatic, infectious, hematologic, neoplastic, and other miscellaneous disorders constitute the majority, whereas various arthritides and soft-tissue neoplasms that arise adjacent to the bone constitute the important secondary calcaneal disorders. Radiographic features of many disorders of the calcaneus are disease-specific and thus diagnostic. This article describes a wide spectrum of calcaneal disorders and illustrates their salient radiographic features. This knowledge should facilitate radiographic diagnosis of various calcaneal disorders encountered in clinical practice.
跟骨是最大的跗骨。许多先天性和后天性疾病会影响该骨骼。原发性疾病起源于跟骨本身，而起源于邻近软组织的继发性疾病会延伸至跟骨并间接影响它。在原发性病变中，先天性、创伤性、感染性、血液学、肿瘤性及其他杂类疾病占大多数，而发生在骨邻近部位的各种关节炎和软组织肿瘤则构成重要的继发性跟骨疾病。许多跟骨疾病的影像学特征具有疾病特异性，因此具有诊断价值。本文描述了广泛的跟骨疾病，并阐述了其显著的影像学特征。这些知识应有助于临床实践中对各种跟骨疾病进行影像学诊断。
