Mayer T W, Horton M L
Armstrong Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433-6573.
Toxicol Lett. 1991 Jul;57(2):167-73. doi: 10.1016/0378-4274(91)90143-t.
Exposure to monomethylhydrazine (MMH), a common rocket propellant, can cause dose-related central nervous system (CNS) disturbances ranging from tremors to tonic-clonic convulsions to death. MMH inhibits gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthesis in the CNS. Diazepam (BZ) acts at the GABA receptor site, and it is also here that ivermectin (AVM) is pharmacologically active. Mice were injected with 30 mg/kg MMH. Groups of 12 mice each were then given varying doses of AVM (5, 10 and 15 mg/kg), or AVM + BZ combinations (5 mg/kg AVM with 5 mg/kg BZ, 10 mg/kg AVM with 5 mg/kg BZ). Time to first convulsion and time to death were recorded over the next 7 h and all groups were monitored over the next 7 days. Times to convulsion were not altered with AVM alone, but death was significantly prevented with AVM dosages. A treatment of 10 mg/kg AVM with 5 mg/kg BZ resulted in no seizures or deaths.
接触偏二甲肼（MMH），一种常见的火箭推进剂，可导致与剂量相关的中枢神经系统（CNS）紊乱，范围从震颤到强直性阵挛性惊厥直至死亡。MMH抑制中枢神经系统中γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）的合成。地西泮（BZ）作用于GABA受体部位，伊维菌素（AVM）在该部位也具有药理活性。给小鼠注射30mg/kg的MMH。然后将每组12只小鼠分别给予不同剂量的AVM（5、10和15mg/kg），或AVM + BZ组合（5mg/kg AVM与5mg/kg BZ、10mg/kg AVM与5mg/kg BZ）。在接下来的7小时内记录首次惊厥时间和死亡时间，并在接下来的7天内对所有组进行监测。单独使用AVM时惊厥时间未改变，但AVM剂量可显著预防死亡。10mg/kg AVM与5mg/kg BZ的治疗未导致惊厥或死亡。
