Wang Jiangfeng, Li Zhigang, Chen Yuchuan, Chen Qiangsheng, Yin Xiaohong
Department of Forensic Science and Technology, Guangdong Police College, Guang Zhou, Guangdong 510230, China.
Forensic Sci Int. 2008 Jul 18;179(1):11-8. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2008.04.014. Epub 2008 Jun 4.
The succession of insect communities on carrion varies at local and global spatial scales. As such, ecological succession data obtained from corpses at one geographic location cannot necessarily be applied to other locations. Our study describes this succession in the far southern part of China to provide such data for forensic cases in this region. A total of 18 pig carcasses were placed in the field in four seasons, and the timing of the following events were recorded: appearance of larvae, onset of larval wandering, when most larvae had wandered, onset of pupariation, when most larvae had pupariated, onset of eclosion and end of eclosion. Our results indicated that all of the evaluated events could be used as accurate indicators of postmortem interval (PMI). The carcasses decayed fairly quickly in spring, summer and autumn, taking 225+/-75 h, 183+/-44 h, and 247+/-70 h, respectively, to decay from the fresh stage to skeletonisation. In winter, carcasses needed longer (1180+/-291) to decay as much. Carcasses attracted 47 species of insect, with flies predominating. The larvae were mainly Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius), Chrysomya rufifacies (Macquart) and Hydrotaea (Ophyra) spinigera (Stein). Most necrophagous insects were found all year around, and there were no marked differences in species among the four seasons, except that Dermestes maculatus (De Geer) was absent in winter. Blowflies produced only one generation on a carcass before it became skeletonised, which simplified the estimation of PMIs.
腐肉上昆虫群落的演替在局部和全球空间尺度上存在差异。因此，从一个地理位置的尸体上获得的生态演替数据不一定适用于其他地点。我们的研究描述了中国最南部地区的这种演替情况，以便为该地区的法医案件提供此类数据。在四个季节里，共将18头猪的尸体放置在野外，并记录了以下事件的发生时间：幼虫出现、幼虫开始游走、大多数幼虫已游走的时间、化蛹开始、大多数幼虫已化蛹的时间、羽化开始和羽化结束。我们的结果表明，所有评估的事件都可作为死后间隔时间（PMI）的准确指标。尸体在春季、夏季和秋季腐烂得相当快，从新鲜阶段到白骨化分别需要225±75小时、183±44小时和247±70小时。在冬季，尸体腐烂同样程度所需时间更长（1180±291小时）。尸体吸引了47种昆虫，其中苍蝇占主导地位。幼虫主要是大头金蝇（Fabricius）、红头丽蝇（Macquart）和丝光绿蝇（Stein）。大多数食尸性昆虫全年都能发现，除了冬季没有黄斑皮蠹（De Geer）外，四个季节的物种没有明显差异。在尸体变成白骨化之前，丽蝇在一具尸体上只产生一代，这简化了死后间隔时间的估计。
