Rutkowski Bolesław, Król Ewa
Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
Blood Purif. 2008;26(4):381-5. doi: 10.1159/000137275. Epub 2008 Jun 6.
The world population suffering from end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is growing. The epidemiology of ESRD is relatively well documented, but data on chronic kidney disease (CKD) are missing, especially in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Early detection of CKD is important because it allows introduction of the therapy that slows the progression of CKD. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of CKD and ESRD in CEE.
Our data are based on two independent surveys: one concerns epidemiology of CKD, the other ESRD. Moreover, we present rough results from the pilot study PolNef on early detection of CKD, performed in North Poland. Estimated glomerular filtration rate, albuminuria and ultrasound examination were the main diagnostic tools.
Only limited data from South-East Hungary and North Poland were available: the number of CKD patients under nephrological care and on dialysis. According to the PolNef study, using a dipstick test albuminuria was detected in 15.6% of participants but dropped to 11.9% when it was measured using the turbidimetric method.
Data concerning epidemiology of CKD in CEE are missing. Epidemiology of ESRD in CEE seems to be similar to that in Western Europe. PolNef is the first study dealing with renal epidemiological problems in CEE. It shows that renal epidemiological problems in CEE are comparable to those of the other parts of the world. Studies concerning CKD epidemiology in different CEE countries are necessary to confirm that the incidence and prevalence of CKD are similar to those in Western Europe and other parts of the globe.
患有终末期肾病（ESRD）的世界人口正在增长。ESRD的流行病学记录相对完善，但慢性肾脏病（CKD）的数据缺失，尤其是在中东欧（CEE）地区。CKD的早期检测很重要，因为它能使减缓CKD进展的治疗得以实施。本研究的目的是评估中东欧地区CKD和ESRD的患病率。
我们的数据基于两项独立调查：一项涉及CKD的流行病学，另一项涉及ESRD的流行病学。此外，我们还展示了在波兰北部进行的关于CKD早期检测的试点研究PolNef的初步结果。估计肾小球滤过率、蛋白尿和超声检查是主要的诊断工具。
仅获得了来自匈牙利东南部和波兰北部的有限数据：接受肾病护理和透析的CKD患者数量。根据PolNef研究，使用试纸条检测法在15.6%的参与者中检测到蛋白尿，但使用比浊法测量时降至11.9%。
中东欧地区CKD流行病学的数据缺失。中东欧地区ESRD的流行病学似乎与西欧相似。PolNef是第一项处理中东欧地区肾脏流行病学问题的研究。它表明中东欧地区的肾脏流行病学问题与世界其他地区相当。有必要对中东欧不同国家的CKD流行病学进行研究，以确认CKD的发病率和患病率与西欧及全球其他地区相似。
