Sno H N
Zaans Medisch Centrum, Zaandam, The Netherlands.
Tijdschr Psychiatr. 2008;50(6):353-8.
Psychiatric assessment is a broader term than mental status examination. Psychiatric assessment requires the study of 'the comprehensive collection of data relevant for diagnosis and treatment', whereas mental status examination refers to 'the systematic registration of objective and subjective psychiatric symptoms at the time of assessment or during the current illness episode'. The evidence and the systematics of psychiatric assessment and mental status examination are based primarily on conventions established over time, on medical tradition and on the clinical experience of psychiatric experts. With regard to the mental status examination, according to Dutch tradition the symptoms are grouped on the basis of the 'classical' division of mental functions, the three groups being cognitive, affective and conative. The Dutch guidelines of 2004 is based primarily on 'expert opinion' and 'non-comparative research'. There is need for further scientific research which recognises that psychiatry is an applied clinical and idiographic science requiring an understanding and hermeneutic approach.
精神科评估是一个比精神状态检查更宽泛的术语。精神科评估需要对“与诊断和治疗相关的数据进行全面收集”进行研究，而精神状态检查是指“在评估时或当前疾病发作期间对客观和主观精神症状进行系统记录”。精神科评估和精神状态检查的证据及系统性主要基于长期以来形成的惯例、医学传统以及精神科专家的临床经验。关于精神状态检查，按照荷兰的传统，症状是根据精神功能的“经典”划分进行分组的，分为认知、情感和意动三组。2004年的荷兰指南主要基于“专家意见”和“非对照研究”。需要进一步开展科学研究，认识到精神病学是一门应用临床和个案科学，需要理解和诠释学方法。
