Van Damme Paul André, Hamel Caroli, Ayala Alfredo, Bervoets Lieven
Asociación Faunagua, Cochabamba, Bolivia; Centre of Limnology and Aquatic Resources, University of San Simón, Casilla 5263, Cochabamba, Bolivia.
Environ Pollut. 2008 Dec;156(3):1061-8. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2008.04.018. Epub 2008 Jun 11.
Several High Andes Rivers are characterized by inorganic water pollution known as acid mine drainage (AMD). The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between metal concentrations in the sediments and the macroinvertebrate communities in two river basins affected by AMD. In general, the taxon diversity of the macroinvertebrate community at the family level was low. The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb and Ni at mining sites were higher than at unpolluted sites. The pH of the water was alkaline (7.0-8.5) in unpolluted sites, whereas it dropped to very low values (<3) at mining sites. Redundancy Analysis (RDA) showed that pH was the best predictor of macroinvertebrate community richness. The number of macroinvertebrate families decreased gradually with increasing acidity, both in pools and riffles, though it is suggested that riffle communities were more affected because they are in closer contact with the acid water.
安第斯山脉的几条河流存在无机水污染问题，即酸性矿山排水（AMD）。本研究的目的是评估受AMD影响的两个流域沉积物中的金属浓度与大型无脊椎动物群落之间的关系。总体而言，大型无脊椎动物群落科级分类单元的多样性较低。矿区的镉、铜、锌、铅和镍浓度高于未受污染的地区。未受污染地区的水体pH呈碱性（7.0 - 8.5），而在矿区pH降至非常低的值（<3）。冗余分析（RDA）表明，pH是大型无脊椎动物群落丰富度的最佳预测指标。大型无脊椎动物科的数量随着酸度的增加而逐渐减少，无论是在水塘还是浅滩中，不过据推测浅滩群落受影响更大，因为它们与酸性水体接触更紧密。
