Nesatyy Victor J, Suter Marc J-F
Eawag-Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 133, PO Box 611, 8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland.
Mass Spectrom Rev. 2008 Nov-Dec;27(6):556-74. doi: 10.1002/mas.20177.
Thousands of man-made chemicals are annually released into the environment by agriculture, transport, industries, and other human activities. In general, chemical analysis of environmental samples used to assess the pollution status of a specific ecosystem is complicated by the complexity of the mixture, and in some cases by the very low toxicity thresholds of chemicals present. In that sense, a proteomics approach, capable of detecting subtle changes in the level and structure of individual proteins within the whole proteome in response to the altered surroundings, has obvious applications in the field of ecotoxicology. In addition to identifying new protein biomarkers, it can also help to provide an insight into underlying mechanisms of toxicity. Despite being a comparatively new field with a number of caveats, proteomics applications have spread from microorganisms and plants to invertebrates and vertebrates, gradually becoming an established technology used in environmental research. This review article highlights recent advances in the field of environmental proteomics, mainly focusing on experimental approaches with a potential to understand toxic modes of action and to identify novel ecotoxicological biomarkers.
农业、交通、工业及其他人类活动每年会向环境中释放数千种人造化学物质。一般来说，用于评估特定生态系统污染状况的环境样品化学分析，会因混合物的复杂性而变得复杂，在某些情况下还会因存在的化学物质毒性阈值极低而变得复杂。从这个意义上讲，蛋白质组学方法能够检测整个蛋白质组中单个蛋白质的水平和结构因周围环境变化而产生的细微变化，在生态毒理学领域具有明显的应用价值。除了识别新的蛋白质生物标志物外，它还有助于深入了解毒性的潜在机制。尽管蛋白质组学是一个相对较新的领域，存在一些需要注意的问题，但它的应用已从微生物和植物扩展到无脊椎动物和脊椎动物，逐渐成为环境研究中一项成熟的技术。这篇综述文章重点介绍了环境蛋白质组学领域的最新进展，主要关注那些有潜力理解毒性作用模式并识别新型生态毒理学生物标志物的实验方法。
