Tucker H A
Center for Medicine, Health, and Society, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
Clin Genet. 2008 Oct;74(4):338-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2008.01020.x. Epub 2008 Jun 28.
Physicians have tried to explain the origins of birth defects since antiquity. In early humoralist models, fetal anomalies were most often understood in terms of quantity and quality of male and female seed. Maternal imagination was also considered a key environmental influence on fetal development from Hippocrates, Galen, and into late 17th century preformation.
自古以来，医生们就试图解释出生缺陷的起源。在早期的体液学说模型中，胎儿异常通常根据男性和女性精液的数量和质量来理解。从希波克拉底、盖伦时代到17世纪后期的预成论，母体的想象力也被认为是对胎儿发育的关键环境影响因素。
