Bonan Gordon B
National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, Colorado 80307, USA.
Science. 2008 Jun 13;320(5882):1444-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1155121.
The world's forests influence climate through physical, chemical, and biological processes that affect planetary energetics, the hydrologic cycle, and atmospheric composition. These complex and nonlinear forest-atmosphere interactions can dampen or amplify anthropogenic climate change. Tropical, temperate, and boreal reforestation and afforestation attenuate global warming through carbon sequestration. Biogeophysical feedbacks can enhance or diminish this negative climate forcing. Tropical forests mitigate warming through evaporative cooling, but the low albedo of boreal forests is a positive climate forcing. The evaporative effect of temperate forests is unclear. The net climate forcing from these and other processes is not known. Forests are under tremendous pressure from global change. Interdisciplinary science that integrates knowledge of the many interacting climate services of forests with the impacts of global change is necessary to identify and understand as yet unexplored feedbacks in the Earth system and the potential of forests to mitigate climate change.
世界森林通过影响地球能量学、水文循环和大气组成的物理、化学及生物过程来影响气候。这些复杂且非线性的森林 - 大气相互作用能够减弱或加剧人为气候变化。热带、温带和寒带的森林再造与造林通过碳固存减轻全球变暖。生物地球物理反馈可以增强或削弱这种负气候强迫。热带森林通过蒸发冷却来缓解变暖，但寒带森林的低反照率是一种正气候强迫。温带森林的蒸发效应尚不清楚。这些及其他过程产生的净气候强迫未知。森林正承受着来自全球变化的巨大压力。将森林众多相互作用的气候服务知识与全球变化影响相结合的跨学科科学，对于识别和理解地球系统中尚未探索的反馈以及森林缓解气候变化的潜力而言是必要的。
