Adhikari Bijaya K, Barrington Suzelle, Martinez José, King Susan
Department of Bioresource Engineering, Macdonald Campus of McGill University, 21 111 Lakeshore, Ste Anne de Bellevue (Québec), Canada H9X 3V9.
Waste Manag. 2009 Jan;29(1):197-203. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2008.04.001. Epub 2008 Jun 16.
Rather than landfilling, composting the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes recycles the waste as a safe and nutrient enriched soil amendment, reduces emissions of greenhouse gases and generates less leachate. The objective of this project was to investigate the composting effectiveness of three bulking agents, namely chopped wheat (Triticum) straw, chopped mature hay consisting of 80% timothy (milium) and 20% clover (triphullum) and pine (pinus) wood shavings. These bulking agents were each mixed in duplicates at three different ratios with food waste (FW) and composted for 10 days using prototype in-vessel composters to observe their temperature and pH trends. Then, each mixture was matured in vertical barrels for 56 days to measure their mass loss and final nutrient content and to visually evaluate their level of decomposition. Chopped wheat straw (CWS) and chopped hay (CH) were the only two formulas that reached thermophilic temperatures during the 10 days of active composting when mixed with FW at a wet mass ratio of 8.9 and 8.6:1 (FW:CWS and FW:CH), respectively. After 56 days of maturation, these two formulas were well decomposed with no or very few recognizable substrate particles, and offered a final TN exceeding the original. Wood shavings (WS) produced the least decomposed compost at maturation, with wood particles still visible in the final product, and with a TN lower than the initial. Nevertheless, all bulking agents produced compost with an organic matter, TN, TP and TK content suitable for use as soil amendment.
将城市固体废物中的有机部分进行堆肥处理，而非填埋，可将废物回收利用，制成安全且富含养分的土壤改良剂，减少温室气体排放，并产生较少的渗滤液。本项目的目的是研究三种膨松剂的堆肥效果，这三种膨松剂分别是切碎的小麦秸秆、由80%猫尾草和20%三叶草组成的切碎成熟干草以及松木刨花。这些膨松剂分别以三种不同比例与食物垃圾（FW）进行两份混合，并使用原型容器堆肥器堆肥10天，以观察其温度和pH值趋势。然后，每种混合物在垂直桶中熟化56天，以测量其质量损失和最终养分含量，并直观评估其分解程度。切碎的小麦秸秆（CWS）和切碎的干草（CH）是仅有的两种配方，在与FW分别以湿质量比8.9和8.6:1（FW:CWS和FW:CH）混合进行10天的主动堆肥过程中达到了嗜热温度。经过56天的熟化后，这两种配方分解良好，几乎没有或只有很少可识别的底物颗粒，且最终总氮含量超过初始值。松木刨花（WS）在熟化时产生的堆肥分解程度最低，最终产品中仍可见木屑颗粒，且总氮含量低于初始值。尽管如此，所有膨松剂产生的堆肥的有机质、总氮、总磷和总钾含量均适合用作土壤改良剂。
