Auclair Sylvain, Silberberg Mathieu, Gueux Elyett, Morand Christine, Mazur Andrzej, Milenkovic Dragan, Scalbert Augustin
Unité de Nutrition Humaine, UMR1019, INRA, Centre de Recherche de Clermont Ferrand/Theix, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France.
J Agric Food Chem. 2008 Jul 23;56(14):5558-63. doi: 10.1021/jf800419s. Epub 2008 Jun 18.
Atherosclerosis, which is closely linked to nutritional habits, is a major cause of mortality in Western countries. Most of the previous investigations carried out on health effects of apples have been focused on their capacity to lower lipid concentration as well as on their antioxidant effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antiatherosclerotic effects of apple polyphenols and fibers. A crude apple polyphenol extract and low-viscosity apple fibers isolated from cider apples were administered separately or in association with the diet of apo E-deficient mice. After 4 months of supplementation, lipemia and oxidative stress biomarkers were measured and atheroslerotic lesions assessed by histomorphometry. Total plasmatic cholesterol and triacylgycerol levels were not affected by supplementation, and hepatic cholesterol level was lower in the group supplemented with both fibers and polyphenols. Uric acid concentrations and antioxidant capacity (FRAP) in plasma were reduced in all groups supplemented with polyphenols or fibers. The mean lesion area was reduced by 17, 38, and 38%, respectively, for the polyphenol, fiber, and polyphenol + fiber groups. Apple constituents supplied at nutritional doses therefore limit the development of atherosclerotic lesions in the aorta of apo E-deficient mice. On the basis of the results, we hypothesize that apple fibers and polyphenols may play a role in preventing atherosclerosis disease by decreasing uric acid plasma level.
动脉粥样硬化与饮食习惯密切相关，是西方国家主要的死亡原因。此前大多数关于苹果对健康影响的研究都集中在其降低血脂浓度的能力以及抗氧化作用上。本研究的目的是调查苹果多酚和纤维的抗动脉粥样硬化作用。从苹果酒用苹果中分离出的粗制苹果多酚提取物和低粘度苹果纤维，分别或与载脂蛋白E缺乏小鼠的饮食一起给予。补充4个月后，测量血脂和氧化应激生物标志物，并通过组织形态计量学评估动脉粥样硬化病变。补充剂对血浆总胆固醇和三酰甘油水平没有影响，同时补充纤维和多酚的组肝脏胆固醇水平较低。补充多酚或纤维的所有组血浆中的尿酸浓度和抗氧化能力（FRAP）均降低。多酚组、纤维组和多酚+纤维组的平均病变面积分别减少了17%、38%和38%。因此，以营养剂量提供的苹果成分可限制载脂蛋白E缺乏小鼠主动脉中动脉粥样硬化病变的发展。基于这些结果，我们推测苹果纤维和多酚可能通过降低血浆尿酸水平在预防动脉粥样硬化疾病中发挥作用。
