Timko Christine, Cronkite Ruth C, Swindle Ralph, Robinson Rebecca L, Moos Rudolf H
Center for Health Care Evaluation, Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.
J Affect Disord. 2009 Feb;113(1-2):56-65. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2008.04.023. Epub 2008 Jun 17.
Our aim was to compare adults who were depressed or nondepressed offspring of depressed or matched nondepressed parents on functioning.
Participants were adult children of depressed (n=143) or nondepressed (n=197) parents who participated in a larger study. They completed self-report measures of depression symptoms, medical conditions and pain, family and social functioning, life stressors and coping, and help used for mental health problems.
In the depressed-parent group, depressed offspring had poorer personal functioning than did nondepressed offspring. Factors associated with offspring depressed status were being unmarried and having a diagnosed medical condition, more severe pain, a more severe recent stressor, and more reliance on emotional discharge coping. In the nondepressed-parent offspring, factors associated with depressed status were more disability, family disagreements and disorganization, negative events, and reliance on emotional discharge coping. Depressed offspring of depressed parents had more severe depression than depressed offspring of nondepressed parents; they also had more medical conditions, pain, disability, and severe stressors and, accordingly, relied more on approach coping. In contrast, nondepressed offspring of depressed or nondepressed parents were quite similar on functioning.
Measures were self-report and participants were not followed continuously.
Because parental depression increased the risk of impairment among depressed offspring, family history should be considered in the treatment of depression. Offspring of depressed parents who are not experiencing depression are often able to maintain normal functioning in adulthood.
我们的目的是比较抑郁或非抑郁父母的成年子女在功能方面的差异，这些成年子女本身要么抑郁，要么不抑郁。
参与者是抑郁父母（n = 143）或非抑郁父母（n = 197）的成年子女，他们参与了一项更大规模的研究。他们完成了关于抑郁症状、医疗状况和疼痛、家庭和社会功能、生活压力源与应对方式，以及针对心理健康问题所寻求帮助的自我报告测量。
在抑郁父母组中，抑郁的子女比非抑郁的子女个人功能更差。与子女抑郁状态相关的因素包括未婚、患有确诊的疾病、更严重的疼痛、更严重的近期压力源，以及更多地依赖情绪宣泄应对方式。在非抑郁父母的子女中，与抑郁状态相关的因素包括更多的残疾、家庭分歧和混乱、负面事件，以及依赖情绪宣泄应对方式。抑郁父母的抑郁子女比非抑郁父母的抑郁子女抑郁程度更严重；他们还患有更多的疾病、疼痛、残疾和严重压力源，因此更多地依赖积极应对方式。相比之下，抑郁或非抑郁父母的非抑郁子女在功能方面非常相似。
测量采用自我报告方式，且未对参与者进行持续跟踪。
由于父母抑郁会增加抑郁子女出现功能损害的风险，因此在抑郁症治疗中应考虑家族病史。抑郁父母的子女在成年期未患抑郁症时通常能够保持正常功能。
