el-Shami K, Smith B D
Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21231-1000, USA.
Leukemia. 2008 Sep;22(9):1658-64. doi: 10.1038/leu.2008.148. Epub 2008 Jun 19.
Myeloid leukemias, although a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic stem cell neoplasms, are arguably among the most suited for active specific immunotherapy. Nevertheless, clinical development of myeloid leukemia vaccine lagged behind similar approaches in other solid and hematological malignancies. The recent identification of apparently specific leukemia antigens and advances in understanding the fundamentals of tumor immunology have helped initiate a number of early phase clinical studies evaluating the safety and clinical efficacy of this approach. Here we review the recently identified and characterized putative leukemia antigens, the main vaccination strategies employed by most investigators and the results of clinical studies of immunotherapy of myeloid leukemias. Although these studies are early and often difficult to interpret, they offer evidence that effective immunity to leukemia could be induced following vaccination, and that clinical benefit can sometimes be observed, thus setting the stage for future development of this strategy and in the combinatorial approaches to treatment of myeloid leukemias that incorporate immunotherapy.
髓系白血病虽然是一组异质性造血干细胞肿瘤，但可以说是最适合进行主动特异性免疫治疗的疾病之一。然而，髓系白血病疫苗的临床开发落后于其他实体瘤和血液系统恶性肿瘤的类似治疗方法。最近对明显特异性白血病抗原的鉴定以及肿瘤免疫学基础认识的进展，促使开展了一些早期临床研究，评估这种治疗方法的安全性和临床疗效。在此，我们综述了最近鉴定和表征的假定白血病抗原、大多数研究者采用的主要疫苗接种策略以及髓系白血病免疫治疗的临床研究结果。尽管这些研究尚处于早期阶段，且往往难以解读，但它们提供了证据，表明接种疫苗后可诱导对白血病的有效免疫，且有时可观察到临床获益，从而为该策略的未来发展以及将免疫治疗纳入其中的髓系白血病联合治疗方法奠定了基础。
