Rendi-Wagner Pamela
Department of Specific Prophylaxis & Tropical Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Austria.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2008 Jul;7(5):589-96. doi: 10.1586/14760584.7.5.589.
Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) poses a growing health problem in many European countries and parts of Northern Asia. Thus, vaccination has been employed successfully for many years in endemic countries. Long-term experience gained from widespread use, however, prompted the development of improved vaccine formulations of the two licensed European TBE vaccines. Moreover, recent clinical trials also suggested the maintenance of high values of postvaccination neutralizing TBE antibodies for a longer period than expected; thus, also resulting in modifications with regards to immunization regimens. Recent advances in recombinant DNA technology have opened up future opportunities for developing novel live-attenuated vaccines against TBE virus and other flaviviruses. Animal experiments demonstrated safety and high immunogenicity profiles for these mutants; thus, making them promising vaccine candidates that will need to demonstrate a clear advantage if they are going to be alternatives to the traditional vaccines. Systematic TBE case monitoring by raising problem awareness, both inside and outside endemic regions, appears essential to provide evidence for a widely accepted TBE travel-vaccination recommendation in the future.
蜱传脑炎（TBE）在许多欧洲国家和北亚部分地区构成了日益严重的健康问题。因此，在流行国家已成功使用疫苗多年。然而，从广泛使用中获得的长期经验促使人们开发出两种欧洲许可的TBE疫苗的改进型制剂。此外，最近的临床试验还表明，接种疫苗后中和TBE抗体的高值维持时间比预期更长；因此，也导致了免疫方案的调整。重组DNA技术的最新进展为开发针对TBE病毒和其他黄病毒的新型减毒活疫苗开辟了未来的机会。动物实验证明了这些突变体的安全性和高免疫原性；因此，使它们成为有前景的疫苗候选物，如果它们要成为传统疫苗的替代品，还需要证明其明显优势。通过提高流行地区内外的问题意识来系统地监测TBE病例，对于为未来广泛接受的TBE旅行疫苗接种建议提供证据似乎至关重要。
