Alviano C S, Farbiarz S R, De Souza W, Angluster J, Travassos L R
Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha, do Fundão, Brazil.
J Gen Microbiol. 1991 Apr;137(4):837-44. doi: 10.1099/00221287-137-4-837.
The constituents of the melanin complex from mycelial forms of Fonsecaea pedrosoi were partially characterized. The pigment was mainly accumulated on large alkali-extractable, electron-dense cytoplasmic bodies (melanosomes) and, apparently, on the outer layer of the cell wall as external deposits within verrucose outgrowths. Using electron microscopy and Thiéry's periodate/thiosemicarbazide/silver proteinate staining method, glycogen-like particles were also detected at the periphery of the cells. Melanin constituents comprised aromatic and aliphatic/glycosidic structures with a predominance of the latter. Infrared spectra showed the presence of hydroxyl, carbonyl and carboxyl groups. The aliphatic/glycosidic moiety consisted of fatty acids and polysaccharides with protein, in a ratio protein/polysaccharide 1:15. Rhamnose, mannose, galactose and glucose (in the ratio 1:2:4:3.5) were the constituents of the polysaccharide. Lipid components included even-numbered, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (in the ratio 2:1) ranging from C16 to C18. Palmitic and oleic acids were the prominent fatty acids. Aspartic and glutamic acids, leucine, glycine and alanine were the major amino acids. Non-pigmented cells of F. pedrosoi were studied for comparison with the pigmented forms: they did not accumulate acid-insoluble precursors of melanin.
对佩德罗分支孢菌菌丝体形态的黑色素复合物成分进行了部分表征。色素主要积累在可被碱大量提取的、电子致密的细胞质体（黑素小体）上，显然也积累在细胞壁外层，作为疣状突起内的外部沉积物。使用电子显微镜和蒂埃里高碘酸盐/氨基硫脲/蛋白银染色法，还在细胞周边检测到了糖原样颗粒。黑色素成分包括芳香族和脂肪族/糖苷结构，以后者为主。红外光谱显示存在羟基、羰基和羧基。脂肪族/糖苷部分由脂肪酸、多糖和蛋白质组成，蛋白质与多糖的比例为1:15。鼠李糖、甘露糖、半乳糖和葡萄糖（比例为1:2:4:3.5）是多糖的成分。脂质成分包括从C16到C18的偶数、饱和和不饱和脂肪酸（比例为2:1）。棕榈酸和油酸是主要的脂肪酸。天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、亮氨酸、甘氨酸和丙氨酸是主要的氨基酸。对佩德罗分支孢菌的非色素细胞进行了研究，以便与色素细胞进行比较：它们不积累黑色素的酸不溶性前体。
