Fiore Simona, Heard Isabelle, Thorne Claire, Savasi Valeria, Coll Oriol, Malyuta Ruslan, Niemiec Tomasz, Martinelli Pasquale, Tibaldi Cecilia, Newell Marie-Louise
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, DSC Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Hum Reprod. 2008 Sep;23(9):2140-4. doi: 10.1093/humrep/den232. Epub 2008 Jun 20.
The aim of this study was to describe the experience of pregnant and non-pregnant HIV-infected women regarding fertility and childbearing, with a view to inform policies and practices to improve reproductive outcome.
A cross-sectional survey collected information on socio-demographic and basic reproductive characteristics of HIV-infected women in Europe. A total of 403 women participated; 121 were pregnant.
The median age was 29 years and 84% (228) of women were born in Europe. Overall 68% (275 of 403) had been pregnant at some time. At the time of the survey, 59% (n = 160) of women had no HIV symptoms; severe symptoms were more frequent among non-pregnant than pregnant respondents (36% (65 of 181) versus 5% (4 of 88)). Of the women, 80% reported being in a long-standing relationship; 39% (74 of 190) reported that they became infected by their current partner and, overall, heterosexual infection was reported as the mode of acquisition in 55% (190 of 344). Maternal well-being, no previous live birth and having an uninfected partner were strongly associated with the likelihood of being pregnant. To assess the problems relating to fertility, pregnant and non-pregnant women were considered separately. Overall, 46% of pregnant women reported not using condoms to protect against infection during pregnancy. Of the 60 pregnant women who planned their pregnancies, 10 reported the need for assistance in conceiving: five monitored their ovulation period and five became pregnant through in vitro fertilization. Of 34 non-pregnant women currently trying for a baby, 15 (44%) had done so for more than 18 months. Overall 25 (27%) of 94 women who planned to become pregnant needed reproductive care.
Our results suggest that these days knowledge of HIV infection neither influences the desire for children nor the decisions regarding pregnancy in HIV-infected women living in Europe.
本研究旨在描述感染艾滋病毒的孕妇和非孕妇在生育方面的经历，以便为改善生殖结局的政策和实践提供信息。
一项横断面调查收集了欧洲感染艾滋病毒女性的社会人口学和基本生殖特征信息。共有403名女性参与；其中121名是孕妇。
中位年龄为29岁，84%（228名）女性出生在欧洲。总体而言，68%（403名中的275名）女性曾在某个时候怀孕。在调查时，59%（n = 160）的女性没有艾滋病毒症状；非孕妇中出现严重症状的比例高于孕妇（36%（181名中的65名）对5%（88名中的4名））。在这些女性中，80%报告处于长期关系；39%（190名中的74名）报告她们是被现任伴侣感染的，总体而言，55%（344名中的190名）报告异性传播是感染途径。孕产妇健康状况、此前未生育过活产婴儿以及伴侣未感染与怀孕可能性密切相关。为评估与生育相关的问题，分别对孕妇和非孕妇进行了考量。总体而言，46%的孕妇报告在孕期未使用避孕套预防感染。在60名计划怀孕的孕妇中，10名报告在受孕方面需要帮助：5名监测了排卵期，5名通过体外受精怀孕。在34名目前正在尝试怀孕的非孕妇中，15名（44%）已经尝试了18个月以上。在94名计划怀孕的女性中，总体有25名（27%）需要生殖保健。
我们的结果表明，如今对于欧洲感染艾滋病毒的女性而言，艾滋病毒感染的认知既不影响其生育意愿，也不影响其关于怀孕的决定。
