Ow Yong-Ling P, Green Douglas R, Hao Zhenyue, Mak Tak W
The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C1, Canada.
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2008 Jul;9(7):532-42. doi: 10.1038/nrm2434.
Cytochrome c is primarily known for its function in the mitochondria as a key participant in the life-supporting function of ATP synthesis. However, when a cell receives an apoptotic stimulus, cytochrome c is released into the cytosol and triggers programmed cell death through apoptosis. The release of cytochrome c and cytochrome-c-mediated apoptosis are controlled by multiple layers of regulation, the most prominent players being members of the B-cell lymphoma protein-2 (BCL2) family. As well as its role in canonical intrinsic apoptosis, cytochrome c amplifies signals that are generated by other apoptotic pathways and participates in certain non-apoptotic functions.
细胞色素c主要因其在线粒体中的功能而闻名，它是ATP合成这一维持生命功能的关键参与者。然而，当细胞受到凋亡刺激时，细胞色素c会释放到细胞质中，并通过凋亡引发程序性细胞死亡。细胞色素c的释放以及细胞色素c介导的凋亡受多层调控，其中最主要的调控因子是B细胞淋巴瘤蛋白2（BCL2）家族成员。除了在经典的内源性凋亡中发挥作用外，细胞色素c还会放大由其他凋亡途径产生的信号，并参与某些非凋亡功能。
