Reinders A A T Simone
King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine, London, UK.
Neurocase. 2008;14(1):44-53. doi: 10.1080/13554790801992768.
Dissociative identity disorder (DID) is probably the most disputed of psychiatric diagnoses and of psychological forensic evaluations in the legal arena. The iatrogenic proponents assert that DID phenomena originate from psychotherapeutic treatment while traumagenic proponents state that DID develops after severe and chronic childhood trauma. In addition, DID that is simulated with malingering intentions, but not stimulated by psychotherapeutic treatment, may be called pseudogenic. With DID gaining more interest among the general public it can be expected that the number of pseudogenic cases will grow and the need to distinguish between traumagenic, iatrogenic or pseudogenic DID will increase accordingly. This paper discusses whether brain imaging studies can inform the judiciary and/or distinguish the etiology of DID.
分离性身份障碍（DID）可能是精神病诊断以及法律领域心理司法鉴定中最具争议的病症。医源性理论支持者称，分离性身份障碍现象源于心理治疗，而创伤性理论支持者则认为，分离性身份障碍是在儿童时期遭受严重慢性创伤后形成的。此外，出于诈病意图伪装而非由心理治疗引发的分离性身份障碍，可能被称为假性分离性身份障碍。随着分离性身份障碍在普通大众中受到越来越多的关注，可以预计假性病例的数量将会增加，相应地，区分创伤性、医源性或假性分离性身份障碍的需求也会增加。本文探讨了脑成像研究是否能为司法系统提供信息和/或区分分离性身份障碍的病因。
