Boksem Maarten A S, Tops Mattie, Kostermans Evelien, De Cremer David
Department of Social Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
Biol Psychol. 2008 Oct;79(2):185-92. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2008.04.010. Epub 2008 May 3.
In a recent experiment [Boksem, M.A.S., Tops, M., Wester, A.E., Meijman, T.F., Lorist, M.M., 2006. Error-related ERP components and individual differences in punishment and reward sensitivity. Brain Research 1101, 92-101], we showed that error-related ERP components were related to punishment and reward sensitivity. The present study was conducted to further evaluate the relationship between punishment/reward sensitivity and these ERP components. Therefore, we scored our subjects on the BIS/BAS measures of punishment and reward sensitivity. Then, subjects performed one of two versions of a Flanker task: in one, they were financially punished for committing errors; in the other, they were financially rewarded for correct performance. Analyses of ERN/Ne amplitudes indicated significant interactions between personality measures of punishment (BIS) and reward (BAS) and actual punishment and reward, while analyses of Pe amplitudes showed significant interactions between personality measures of reward sensitivity and actual reward. We suggest that ERN/Ne amplitude is related to concerns over mistakes and depends on the level of aversion experienced by individual subjects for making these mistakes. Subjects that are highly sensitive to punishment are strongly motivated or engaged in avoiding punishment, while subjects sensitive to rewards are motivated to obtain rewards and therefore show high task engagement when rewards may be earned. The error-related ERP components appear to track this level of engagement in task performance.
在最近的一项实验中[博克瑟姆，M.A.S.，托普斯，M.，韦斯特，A.E.，梅伊曼，T.F.，洛里斯特，M.M.，2006年。与错误相关的ERP成分以及惩罚和奖励敏感性的个体差异。《大脑研究》1101，92 - 101]，我们表明与错误相关的ERP成分与惩罚和奖励敏感性有关。本研究旨在进一步评估惩罚/奖励敏感性与这些ERP成分之间的关系。因此，我们根据惩罚和奖励敏感性的BIS/BAS量表对受试者进行评分。然后，受试者执行两种版本的侧翼任务之一：在一种任务中，他们因犯错而受到经济惩罚；在另一种任务中，他们因表现正确而获得经济奖励。对ERN/Ne波幅的分析表明，惩罚（BIS）和奖励（BAS）的人格测量与实际惩罚和奖励之间存在显著交互作用，而对Pe波幅的分析表明，奖励敏感性的人格测量与实际奖励之间存在显著交互作用。我们认为ERN/Ne波幅与对错误的担忧有关，并取决于个体受试者对犯这些错误所经历的厌恶程度。对惩罚高度敏感的受试者有强烈的动机或专注于避免惩罚，而对奖励敏感的受试者有动机获得奖励，因此当可能获得奖励时表现出较高的任务参与度。与错误相关的ERP成分似乎跟踪了任务表现中的这种参与程度。
