Matalova E, Fleischmannova J, Sharpe P T, Tucker A S
Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
J Dent Res. 2008 Jul;87(7):617-23. doi: 10.1177/154405910808700715.
Tooth agenesis may originate from either genetic or environmental factors. Genetically determined hypodontic disorders appear as isolated features or as part of a syndrome. Msx1, Pax9, and Axin2 are involved in non-syndromic hypodontia, while genes such as Shh, Pitx2, Irf6, and p63 are considered to participate in syndromic genetic disorders, which include tooth agenesis. In dentistry, artificial tooth implants represent a common solution to tooth loss problems; however, molecular dentistry offers promising solutions for the future. In this paper, the genetic and molecular bases of non-syndromic and syndromic hypodontia are reviewed, and the advantages and disadvantages of tissue engineering in the clinical treatment of tooth agenesis are discussed.
牙齿发育不全可能源于遗传或环境因素。由基因决定的牙发育不全疾病表现为孤立特征或作为综合征的一部分。Msx1、Pax9和Axin2参与非综合征性牙发育不全，而诸如Shh、Pitx2、Irf6和p63等基因被认为参与包括牙齿发育不全在内的综合征性遗传疾病。在牙科领域，人工牙植入是解决牙齿缺失问题的常见方法；然而，分子牙科为未来提供了有前景的解决方案。本文综述了非综合征性和综合征性牙发育不全的遗传和分子基础，并讨论了组织工程在牙齿发育不全临床治疗中的优缺点。
