Skalski Janusz H
Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Polish-American Children's Hospital, Collegium Medicum Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
Pol Arch Med Wewn. 2008 Apr;118(4):248-54.
In the second part of the article, developments following the "discovery" of ischemic heart disease and gaining understanding of its nature have been presented starting from the first intravital diagnoses of myocardial infarction in the history of the world medicine established by Adam Hammer in Austria (1878) and Edward Korczyński in Krakow (1887). The contribution of Polish clinicians at the turn of the XX century to the first modern attempts at elucidating the nature of myocardial infarction based on the knowledge of anatomopathology and physiology prevalent at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century has been described. A special role in understanding pathological mechanisms of myocardial infarction was played by such Polish researchers as Władysław Biegański, Józef Pawiński, Zdzisław Dmochowski, Władysław Antoni Gluziński and Marian Franke. The author has described the beginnings of introducing electrocardiography to the diagnostic evaluation of cardiovascular diseases advocated by Napoleon Cybulski and Józef Latkowski. The discovery of adrenaline by Cybulski and Szymonowicz, an event of great importance in the history of cardiology, as well as the introduction of nitroglycerine to clinical practice by Korczyński soon after the preparation was employed for the first time in the world has been presented. The paper further discusses the rapid development of medical knowledge and therapeutic progress in symptomatic treatment of myocardial infarction within the past fifty years--pharmacotherapy and also early attempts at interventions aiming at restoring blood flow in the occluded infarct-related artery. While presenting the role of Polish physicians in the history of cardiology, the author recalls the most important world discoveries associated with understanding the nature of myocardial infarction, initial diagnostic and therapeutic attempts.
在文章的第二部分，从奥地利的亚当·哈默（1878年）和克拉科夫的爱德华·科尔琴斯基（1887年）在世界医学史上首次对心肌梗死进行活体诊断开始，介绍了缺血性心脏病“发现”之后的发展以及对其本质的认识。文中描述了20世纪之交波兰临床医生基于19世纪末和20世纪初流行的解剖病理学和生理学知识，对阐明心肌梗死本质的首次现代尝试所做出的贡献。诸如瓦迪斯瓦夫·别根斯基、约瑟夫·帕温斯基、兹齐斯瓦夫·德莫霍夫斯基、瓦迪斯瓦夫·安托尼·格鲁津斯基和马里安·弗兰克等波兰研究人员在理解心肌梗死的病理机制方面发挥了特殊作用。作者描述了拿破仑·齐布卢斯基和约瑟夫·拉特科夫斯基倡导将心电图引入心血管疾病诊断评估的开端。齐布卢斯基和西蒙诺维茨发现肾上腺素这一心脏病学史上的重大事件，以及科尔琴斯基在世界上首次使用硝酸甘油制剂后不久将其引入临床实践的情况也已呈现。本文进一步讨论了过去五十年来医学知识的快速发展以及心肌梗死对症治疗方面的治疗进展——药物治疗以及旨在恢复梗死相关闭塞动脉血流的早期干预尝试。在介绍波兰医生在心脏病学史中的作用时，作者回顾了与理解心肌梗死本质、最初的诊断和治疗尝试相关的最重要的世界发现。
