Fukuhara Rie, Fujii Shunsaku, Nakamura Rika, Yuzawa Ei, Kimura Hidetaka, Fukui Atsushi, Mizunuma Hideki
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8562, Japan.
Hum Reprod. 2008 Sep;23(9):2080-5. doi: 10.1093/humrep/den187. Epub 2008 Jun 25.
The low developmental competence of embryos from ageing females remains an enigma; it is presumably attributable to oxidative stress. A number of antioxidant mechanisms exist in the erythrocyte and these have been investigated in other cells and tissues. However, very few studies have reported the effects of erythrocyte supplementation on developmental competence in ageing embryos.
In Experiment 1, IVF embryos from young (7-10 weeks) mice were cultured in medium supplemented with an oxidizing agent, hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase, in the presence and absence of erythrocytes. In Experiment 2, the development of embryos derived from young and ageing (40-50 weeks) female mice was assessed in the presence and absence of erythrocytes.
In Experiment 1, the presence of hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase significantly inhibited embryo development (P < 0.0001). Erythrocyte supplementation clearly overcame the detrimental effects in a dose-related manner. In Experiment 2, in the absence of erythrocytes, developmental competence was significantly lower in embryos from ageing females than in those from young females (P < 0.01). However, in ageing females, the supplementation of erythrocytes significantly promoted the development of embryos to the blastocyst stage (51.1% versus 77.3%; P < 0.01).
Supplementation with erythrocytes can counteract the negative effect of maternal ageing on embryo development and blastocyst formation.
衰老雌性动物胚胎的发育能力较低仍是一个谜；这可能归因于氧化应激。红细胞中存在多种抗氧化机制，并且这些机制已在其他细胞和组织中得到研究。然而，很少有研究报道补充红细胞对衰老胚胎发育能力的影响。
在实验1中，将来自年轻（7 - 10周）小鼠的体外受精胚胎在添加氧化剂次黄嘌呤/黄嘌呤氧化酶的培养基中培养，同时设置有无红细胞的条件。在实验2中，评估有无红细胞存在情况下年轻（40 - 50周）和衰老雌性小鼠胚胎的发育情况。
在实验1中，次黄嘌呤/黄嘌呤氧化酶的存在显著抑制胚胎发育（P < 0.0001）。补充红细胞明显以剂量相关的方式克服了有害影响。在实验2中，在没有红细胞的情况下，衰老雌性小鼠胚胎的发育能力显著低于年轻雌性小鼠胚胎（P < 0.01）。然而，对于衰老雌性小鼠，补充红细胞显著促进胚胎发育至囊胚阶段（51.1%对77.3%；P < 0.01）。
补充红细胞可以抵消母体衰老对胚胎发育和囊胚形成的负面影响。
