Katthagen B-D, Prub A
Orthopädische Klinik , Klinikum Dortmund gGmbH, Beurhausstrasse 40, 44137, Dortmund.
Orthopade. 2008 Aug;37(8):764-71. doi: 10.1007/s00132-008-1272-y.
Bone allografts facilitate bone reconstruction in orthopedic surgery. Appropriate donor selection and processing of grafts minimize the risk of disease transfer. After implantation, bone allografts become necrotic but are incorporated and remodeled in the recipient bone with good regenerative capacity. We use bone allografts in about 3% of all elective orthopedic operations in our hospital. We use bone allografts regularly in acetabuloplasty in cases of severe residual hip dysplasia. These transplants simplify and shorten the operation and improve the results in our hands. Bone allografts are most often used in revision total joint arthroplasty. In cases of reconstruction of defects in benign bone tumors and tumor-like lesions, bone allografts are often suitable. In fibrous dysplasia, corticocancellous bone allografts are even the treatment of choice.
骨移植有助于骨科手术中的骨重建。合适的供体选择和移植物处理可将疾病传播风险降至最低。植入后，骨移植物会发生坏死，但会在再生能力良好的受体骨中被整合并重塑。在我们医院，约3%的择期骨科手术会使用骨移植。对于严重残留髋关节发育不良的病例，我们在髋臼成形术中常规使用骨移植。在我们手中，这些移植简化并缩短了手术时间，改善了手术效果。骨移植最常用于翻修全关节置换术。在良性骨肿瘤和肿瘤样病变的缺损重建病例中，骨移植通常是合适的。在骨纤维异常增殖症中，皮质松质骨移植甚至是首选治疗方法。
