Witter R L, Sharma J M, Offenbecker L
Avian Dis. 1976 Oct-Dec;20(4):676-92.
Chickens vaccinated at hatching with high doses of turkey herpesvirus (HVT) developed viremia that peaked in titer around the 12th day and gradually declined. HVT infection also induced mild microscopic lymphoproliferative lesions in the nerves and gonads. These lesions were most prominent around the 12th day and then regressed. The fact that such lesions were also induced by HVT in cyclophosphamide-treated chicks suggests that they were T-cell-dependent. Some of the cells in early HVT lesions appeared to have morphologic properties of neoplastic cells. HVT viremia and lesions were both dose-dependent and were less in chickens with maternal antibodies against Marek's disease virus (MDV). Sequential studies on chickens vaccinated with HVT and challenged with MDV showed that chickens were protected against the earliest detectable MD viremia and lymphoproliferative lesion response attributed to MD. Also, the transient necrobiotic lesions associated with productive infection of thymic lymphocytes by MDV were totally absent in vaccinated chickens. These data provide further insight on the mechanisms by which HVT protects against MD lymphoma induction. A limited oncogenic (transforming) potential of HVT as suggested by our data would provide the basis to assume that at least one component of HVT-induced immunity may be directed against tumor-specific antigens. On the other hand, our observations that HVT protects against productive MDV infection in the thymus and against cell-associated viremia are evidence for an anti-viral immune response. These hypotheses are not mutually exclusive.
在孵化时用高剂量火鸡疱疹病毒（HVT）接种的鸡出现了病毒血症，其滴度在第12天左右达到峰值，然后逐渐下降。HVT感染还在神经和性腺中诱导了轻度的微观淋巴细胞增生性病变。这些病变在第12天左右最为明显，然后消退。环磷酰胺处理的雏鸡中HVT也诱导出此类病变，这一事实表明它们是T细胞依赖性的。早期HVT病变中的一些细胞似乎具有肿瘤细胞的形态学特征。HVT病毒血症和病变均呈剂量依赖性，在具有抗马立克氏病病毒（MDV）母源抗体的鸡中则较轻。对用HVT接种并受到MDV攻击的鸡进行的系列研究表明，鸡对最早可检测到的归因于MD的MD病毒血症和淋巴细胞增生性病变反应具有抵抗力。此外，接种疫苗的鸡中完全没有与MDV对胸腺淋巴细胞的生产性感染相关的短暂坏死性病变。这些数据为HVT预防MD淋巴瘤诱导的机制提供了进一步的见解。我们的数据表明HVT具有有限的致癌（转化）潜力，这将为假设HVT诱导的免疫的至少一个成分可能针对肿瘤特异性抗原提供依据。另一方面，我们观察到HVT可预防胸腺中MDV的生产性感染和细胞相关病毒血症，这是抗病毒免疫反应的证据。这些假设并非相互排斥。
