Liu Philip T, Modlin Robert L
Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2008 Aug;20(4):371-6. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2008.05.014. Epub 2008 Jul 21.
Tuberculosis has plagued humans for ages, and understanding the host defense mechanisms against this pathogen has been a challenge to immunologists for decades. In mouse models of tuberculosis infection, the role of nitric oxide in antimicrobial activity is well defined. Recent studies indicate a role for the induction of autophagy in host defense against mycobacterial infection. In human macrophages, vitamin D-mediated induction of antimicrobial peptides appears to be an important player in combating Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Further understanding these defense mechanisms in human tuberculosis will help the development of new interventional strategies to prevent and treat disease.
结核病困扰人类已久，数十年来，了解宿主针对这种病原体的防御机制一直是免疫学家面临的挑战。在结核病感染的小鼠模型中，一氧化氮在抗菌活性中的作用已得到明确界定。最近的研究表明，自噬的诱导在宿主抵抗分枝杆菌感染中发挥作用。在人类巨噬细胞中，维生素D介导的抗菌肽诱导似乎是对抗结核分枝杆菌的重要因素。进一步了解人类结核病中的这些防御机制将有助于开发预防和治疗该疾病的新干预策略。
