Neggers Y H, Cutter G R, Alvarez J O, Goldenberg R L, Acton R, Go R C, Roseman J M
Department of Human Nutrition, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa 35487-0158.
Early Hum Dev. 1991 May;25(2):75-85. doi: 10.1016/0378-3782(91)90186-7.
A retrospective follow-up study to ascertain the relationship between the level of serum zinc and its rate of change during gestation and birthweight was conducted in 476 women of lower socioeconomic status. Serum zinc concentrations measured at approximately 16 (early) and 32 weeks (later) in gestation were both found to be significant predictors of birthweight. Even after controlling for gestational age at birth and other determinants of birthweight, for each microgram/dl increase in serum zinc early and later in pregnancy, birthweight increased by 5.8 and 8.6 g, respectively. Furthermore, after adjustment for initial zinc levels both the total change (beta = -7.0, P = 0.0007) and the rate of change (beta = -60.8, P = 0.007) in serum zinc during pregnancy were inversely associated with birthweight, i.e., the larger the fall in serum zinc during pregnancy, the smaller the infant. Low serum zinc level (less than 60 micrograms/dl) late in pregnancy was associated with greater than a five-fold increase in the odds (OR = 5.8, 95% CI = 1.8, 16.4) of giving birth to a low birthweight infant. The results of this study suggest a threshold for maternal serum zinc below which the prevalence of low birthweight increases rapidly.
对476名社会经济地位较低的女性进行了一项回顾性随访研究，以确定孕期血清锌水平及其变化率与出生体重之间的关系。在妊娠约16周（早期）和32周（晚期）测量的血清锌浓度均被发现是出生体重的重要预测指标。即使在控制了出生时的孕周和其他出生体重决定因素后，孕期早期和晚期血清锌每增加1微克/分升，出生体重分别增加5.8克和8.6克。此外，在调整初始锌水平后，孕期血清锌的总变化（β=-7.0，P=0.0007）和变化率（β=-60.8，P=0.007）均与出生体重呈负相关，即孕期血清锌下降幅度越大，婴儿体重越小。妊娠晚期血清锌水平低（低于60微克/分升）与出生低体重婴儿的几率增加超过五倍相关（OR=5.8，95%CI=1.8，16.4）。这项研究的结果表明，母体血清锌存在一个阈值，低于该阈值，低出生体重的患病率会迅速增加。
