Jiamsripong Panupong, Mookadam Martina, Honda Tadaaki, Khandheria Bijoy K, Mookadam Farouk
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 East Shea Boulevard/C, Scottsdale, AZ 85260, USA.
Prev Cardiol. 2008 Summer;11(3):155-61. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-7141.2008.07809.x.
The metabolic syndrome is a constellation of metabolic risk factors and physical conditions that are accompanied by an enhanced propensity toward the development of type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. It presents a combination of atherosclerosis risk including atherogenic dyslipidemia, hypertension, elevated plasma glucose, hypercoagulability, and a proinflammatory state. The 2 major underlying risk factors for the metabolic syndrome are obesity and insulin resistance. Exacerbating factors are physical inactivity, advancing age, and endocrine and genetic factors. Associated hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and elevated adipokine levels (adipose cytokines) lead to vascular endothelial dysfunction, an abnormal lipid profile, hypertension, and vascular inflammation, all of which promote the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. In this 2-part series, the authors present an up-to-date and detailed systematic review of the literature on this important topic.
代谢综合征是一组代谢危险因素和身体状况，伴有患2型糖尿病、动脉粥样硬化和心血管疾病的倾向增加。它表现为动脉粥样硬化风险的组合，包括致动脉粥样硬化血脂异常、高血压、血糖升高、高凝状态和促炎状态。代谢综合征的两个主要潜在危险因素是肥胖和胰岛素抵抗。加剧因素包括身体活动不足、年龄增长以及内分泌和遗传因素。相关的高胰岛素血症、高血糖和脂肪因子水平升高（脂肪细胞因子）会导致血管内皮功能障碍、异常血脂谱、高血压和血管炎症，所有这些都会促进动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的发展。在这个两部分的系列文章中，作者对关于这个重要主题的文献进行了最新且详细的系统综述。
