Lindgren Torsten, Wieslander Gunilla, Dammstrom Bo-Goran, Norback Dan
Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden.
Int J Audiol. 2008 Aug;47(8):515-9. doi: 10.1080/14992020802064633.
The aim was to study hearing impairment in commercial pilots. A total of 634 male and 30 female pilots (N=664) in a Swedish airline company underwent repeated audiological tests during the period 1974-2005. The last test was used to study hearing impairment. The mean values for the hearing test at 3, 4, and 6 kHz were used for the ear with worse hearing impairment. Data was compared with a general adult Swedish population (n=603) not occupationally exposed to noise. Equivalent noise levels gate to gate (Leq) were measured in the cockpit of different aircraft. Leq was 75-81 dB (A), peak exposures were 105 dB (A) from the cabin call signal. Median values were similar as in the reference group at all ages. There was no association between years of employment, tobacco smoking, and hearing impairment, when adjusted for age and gender by multiple logistic regressions analysis. In conclusion, pilots are exposed to equivalent noise levels below the current Swedish occupational standard of 85 dB (A), with short peak exposures above the standard, and have normal age-matched hearing thresholds.
目的是研究商业飞行员的听力损伤情况。1974年至2005年期间，瑞典一家航空公司的634名男性和30名女性飞行员（N = 664）接受了多次听力测试。最后一次测试用于研究听力损伤情况。听力损伤较严重耳朵的3、4和6千赫兹听力测试平均值被采用。数据与未从事职业噪声暴露的瑞典普通成年人群（n = 603）进行比较。在不同飞机的驾驶舱内测量了逐门等效噪声水平（Leq）。Leq为75 - 81分贝（A），来自客舱呼叫信号的峰值暴露为105分贝（A）。各年龄段的中位数与参考组相似。通过多元逻辑回归分析对年龄和性别进行校正后，就业年限、吸烟与听力损伤之间无关联。总之，飞行员所接触的等效噪声水平低于瑞典现行85分贝（A）的职业标准，短时间峰值暴露高于该标准，且年龄匹配的听力阈值正常。
