Ineland Lisa, Jacobssson Lars, Renberg Ellinor Salander, Sjölander Per
Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Psychiatry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Nord J Psychiatry. 2008;62(3):192-7. doi: 10.1080/08039480801962855.
Over the years a lot of research of attitudes towards mental disorders, towards people with mental illness and towards psychiatric services and treatment have shown a persistent negative attitude. There are, however, few studies on changes over time. The aim of this study was to compare responses to a questionnaire on attitudes towards mental disorders and psychiatric patients and the perception of psychiatric treatment in a community in northern Sweden in 1976 and 2003. In 1976 a random sample of 391 persons 18-70 years of age were asked and in 2003 a new sample of 500 persons from the same community were approached with the same questions. There are considerable changes over time. In 2003, almost 90% agree to the statement that mental illness harms the reputation more than physical illness, compared with 50% in 1976. In 2003, 51% agreed to the statement "Most people with mental disorders commit violent acts more than others" compared with 24% in 1976. There is an apparent ambivalence towards psychiatric treatment. Whilst 88% would advice a person with mental problems to contact a psychiatrist, still 26% would not like themselves to be referred to a psychiatrist. We argue that improving treatment methods is as important as changing attitudes through accurate information.
多年来，许多关于对精神障碍、对患有精神疾病的人以及对精神科服务与治疗的态度的研究都显示出一种持续的消极态度。然而，关于随时间变化的研究却很少。本研究的目的是比较1976年和2003年瑞典北部一个社区对一份关于精神障碍和精神科患者态度以及对精神科治疗认知的问卷的回答。1976年，随机抽取了391名18至70岁的人进行询问，2003年，对来自同一社区的500名新样本提出了相同的问题。随着时间推移有相当大的变化。2003年，近90%的人同意精神疾病比身体疾病更损害声誉这一说法，而1976年这一比例为50%。2003年，51%的人同意“大多数患有精神障碍的人比其他人实施暴力行为更多”这一说法，而1976年这一比例为24%。对精神科治疗存在明显的矛盾态度。虽然88%的人会建议有精神问题的人去看精神科医生，但仍有26%的人不希望自己被转介给精神科医生。我们认为，改进治疗方法与通过准确信息改变态度同样重要。
