Ridley Kate, Olds Tim S
Centre for the Analysis of Educational Futures, School of Education, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008 Aug;40(8):1439-46. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e31817279ef.
Compendia of energy costs are often used to assign energy expenditures (EE) to self-reported and observed activity. As there is a lack of data on the energy cost of children's everyday activities, adult values are often used as surrogates. However, the best way to adjust adult values for use with children remains unclear. Various strategies have been used to estimate rates of EE in children.
To evaluate these existing methods for assigning EE to children, a literature search reviewed all English-language studies that measured energy costs in healthy 6.0-17.9 yr olds using criterion EE measures. Data were combined using the Monte Carlo simulation procedure, with walking and running forming separate data sets.
The resultant data set (excluding walking and running) contained 5592 data points encompassing 51 activities. Analyses revealed using adults METs, combined with child resting metabolic rates, as the best existing technique to assign EE to children when measured values are not available. Prediction equations for the energy cost of walking and running were calculated using multiple regression.
This study has provided a literature base and analytical support for a compendium of energy costs for use with children with energy costs expressed as METs.
能源成本汇编通常用于将能源消耗（EE）分配到自我报告和观察到的活动中。由于缺乏儿童日常活动能源成本的数据，成人数据常被用作替代。然而，调整成人数据以适用于儿童的最佳方法仍不明确。已经使用了各种策略来估计儿童的EE率。
为了评估这些现有的将EE分配给儿童的方法，通过文献检索回顾了所有使用标准EE测量方法测量6.0至17.9岁健康儿童能源成本的英文研究。使用蒙特卡罗模拟程序合并数据，步行和跑步形成单独的数据集。
所得数据集（不包括步行和跑步）包含5592个数据点，涵盖51项活动。分析表明，当无法获得测量值时，使用成人代谢当量（METs）结合儿童静息代谢率是将EE分配给儿童的最佳现有技术。使用多元回归计算了步行和跑步能源成本的预测方程。
本研究为以METs表示能源成本的儿童能源成本汇编提供了文献基础和分析支持。
