The clinical utility of the Stress Process Model in family caregivers of liver transplant candidates.

This article describes the important relationship between theory and practice and demonstrates the application of Pearlin and colleagues' Stress Process Model to family caregivers of liver transplant candidates. Theory enhances the use of specific nursing interventions. This connection of theory to practice is especially important in the current health care environment, where the nursing shortage demands efficient and effective patient care. The Stress Process Model is a specific and concrete middle-range theory, which makes it simple to apply in clinical practice and research. This model is particularly useful for nurses who support the family caregivers of clients on the liver transplant list. The model identifies characteristics that predispose caregivers to stress that can interfere with completion of caregiving roles and tasks before and after patients' liver transplantation.