Hauser N C, Fellenberg K, Gil R, Bastuck S, Hoheisel J D, Pérez-Ortín J E
Functional Genome Analysis, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 506, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany.
Comp Funct Genomics. 2001;2(2):69-79. doi: 10.1002/cfg.73.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains frequently exhibit rather specific phenotypic features needed for adaptation to a special environment. Wine yeast strains are able to ferment musts, for example, while other industrial or laboratory strains fail to do so. The genetic differences that characterize wine yeast strains are poorly understood, however. As a first search of genetic differences between wine and laboratory strains, we performed DNA-array analyses on the typical wine yeast strain T73 and the standard laboratory background in S288c. Our analysis shows that even under normal conditions, logarithmic growth in YPD medium, the two strains have expression patterns that differ significantly in more than 40 genes. Subsequent studies indicated that these differences correlate with small changes in promoter regions or variations in gene copy number. Blotting copy numbers vs. transcript levels produced patterns, which were specific for the individual strains and could be used for a characterization of unknown samples.
酿酒酵母菌株常常表现出适应特殊环境所需的相当特定的表型特征。例如，葡萄酒酵母菌株能够发酵葡萄汁，而其他工业或实验室菌株则不能。然而，表征葡萄酒酵母菌株的遗传差异却知之甚少。作为对葡萄酒和实验室菌株之间遗传差异的首次探索，我们对典型的葡萄酒酵母菌株T73和S288c中的标准实验室背景进行了DNA阵列分析。我们的分析表明，即使在正常条件下，即在YPD培养基中对数生长时，这两种菌株在40多个基因中的表达模式也存在显著差异。随后的研究表明，这些差异与启动子区域的微小变化或基因拷贝数的变化相关。将拷贝数与转录水平进行印迹分析产生了特定于各个菌株的模式，可用于表征未知样品。
