Frankenberg Elizabeth, Friedman Jed, Gillespie Thomas, Ingwersen Nicholas, Pynoos Robert, Rifai Iip Umar, Sikoki Bondan, Steinberg Alan, Sumantri Cecep, Suriastini Wayan, Thomas Duncan
Duke University, Sanford Institute of Public Policy, 286 Rubenstein Hall, 302 Towerview Dr, Durham, NC 27708-0239, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2008 Sep;98(9):1671-7. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2007.120915. Epub 2008 Jul 16.
We assessed the levels and correlates of posttraumatic stress reactivity (PTSR) of more than 20,000 adult tsunami survivors by analyzing survey data from coastal Aceh and North Sumatra, Indonesia.
A population-representative sample of individuals interviewed before the tsunami was traced in 2005 to 2006. We constructed 2 scales measuring PTSR by using 7 symptom items from the Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist-Civilian Version. One scale measured PTSR at the time of interview, and the other measured PTSR at the point of maximum intensity since the disaster.
PTSR scores were highest for respondents from heavily damaged areas. In all areas, scores declined over time. Gender and age were significant predictors of PTSR; markers of socioeconomic status before the tsunami were not. Exposure to traumatic events, loss of kin, and property damage were significantly associated with higher PTSR scores.
The tsunami produced posttraumatic stress reactions across a wide region of Aceh and North Sumatra. Public health will be enhanced by the provision of counseling services that reach not only people directly affected by the tsunami but also those living beyond the area of immediate impact.
通过分析印度尼西亚亚齐省沿海地区和北苏门答腊省的调查数据，我们评估了2万多名成年海啸幸存者的创伤后应激反应性（PTSR）水平及其相关因素。
2005年至2006年，对海啸发生前接受访谈的具有人口代表性的个体样本进行了追踪。我们使用创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）检查表-平民版中的7个症状条目构建了两个测量PTSR的量表。一个量表测量访谈时的PTSR，另一个量表测量自灾难发生以来强度最大时的PTSR。
来自重灾区的受访者的PTSR得分最高。在所有地区，得分均随时间下降。性别和年龄是PTSR的重要预测因素；海啸发生前的社会经济地位指标则不是。遭受创伤事件、失去亲人以及财产损失与较高的PTSR得分显著相关。
海啸在亚齐省和北苏门答腊省的广大地区引发了创伤后应激反应。提供不仅覆盖直接受海啸影响的人群，还包括受影响地区以外人群的咨询服务，将有助于促进公众健康。
