Analysis Group, Inc., Boston, MA 02199, USA.
Department of Sociology and the Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jun 14;19(12):7302. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19127302.
Little is known about whether the provision of aid in the aftermath of a large-scale natural disaster affects psychological well-being. We investigate the effects of housing assistance, a key element of the reconstruction program implemented after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. Population-representative individual-level longitudinal data collected in Aceh, Indonesia, during the decade after the tsunami as part of the Study of the Tsunami Aftermath and Recovery (STAR) are used. Housing aid was targeted to people whose homes were destroyed and, to a lesser extent, damaged by the tsunami and to those who lived, at the time of the tsunami, in communities that sustained the greatest damage. The effects of receipt of aid on post-traumatic stress reactivity (PTSR) are examined using panel data models that take into account observed and unobserved individual-specific fixed characteristics that affect both PTSR and aid receipt, drawing comparisons in each survey wave between individuals who had been living in the same when the tsunami hit. Those who received aid have better psychological health; the effects increase with time since aid receipt and are the greatest at two years or longer after the receipt. The effects are concentrated among those whose homes were destroyed in the tsunami.
关于大规模自然灾害发生后提供援助是否会影响心理健康，人们知之甚少。我们调查了住房援助的影响，住房援助是 2004 年印度洋海啸后实施的重建计划的一个关键要素。该研究使用了印度尼西亚亚齐在海啸发生十年间作为海啸后果和恢复研究（STAR）一部分收集的具有代表性的个人层面的纵向数据。住房援助针对的是房屋被海啸摧毁的人，以及那些房屋在海啸中受损较小的人，以及那些在海啸发生时居住在受灾最严重的社区的人。利用考虑到影响 PTSR 和援助接受情况的个体特定固定特征的面板数据模型，研究了接受援助对创伤后应激反应（PTSR）的影响，在每次调查中，根据海啸发生时居住在同一地点的个体进行比较。那些接受援助的人心理健康状况更好；援助的效果随着时间的推移而增加，在收到援助两年或更长时间后效果最大。这些影响主要集中在那些房屋在海啸中被毁的人身上。
