Schwartzberg Ezra G, Kunert Grit, Westerlund Stephanie A, Hoffmann Klaus H, Weisser Wolfgang W
Institute for Ecology, Dornburger Str. 159, Friedrich-Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany.
J Insect Physiol. 2008 Sep;54(9):1332-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2008.04.025. Epub 2008 Jun 26.
Pea aphids, Acyrthosiphon pisum, reproduce parthenogenetically and are wing-dimorphic such that offspring can develop into winged (alate) or unwinged (apterous) adults. Alate induction is maternal and offspring phenotype is entirely determined by changes in the physiology and environment of the mother. Juvenile hormones (JHs) have been implicated in playing a role in wing differentiation in aphids, however until recently, methods were not available to accurately quantify these insect hormones in small insects such as aphids. Using a novel LC-MS approach we were able to quantify JH III in pea aphids that were either producing a high proportion of winged morphs among their offspring or mainly unwinged offspring. We measured JH III titres by pooling the hemolymph of 12 or fewer individuals (1 microL hemolymph) treated identically. Levels of JH ranged from 30 to 163 pg/microL. While aphids in the two treatments strongly differed in the proportion of winged morphs among their offspring, their JH III titres did not differ significantly. There was also no correlation between JH III titre and the proportion of winged offspring in induced aphids. This supports earlier findings that wing dimorphism in aphids may be regulated by other physiological mechanisms.
豌豆蚜（Acyrthosiphon pisum）进行孤雌生殖，具有翅二型性，即后代可以发育成有翅（具翅型）或无翅（无翅型）成虫。具翅型诱导是母源性的，后代的表型完全由母体的生理和环境变化决定。保幼激素（JHs）被认为在蚜虫的翅分化中起作用，然而直到最近，还没有方法能够准确量化蚜虫等小型昆虫体内的这些昆虫激素。我们采用一种新颖的液相色谱 - 质谱联用（LC-MS）方法，能够对在后代中产生高比例具翅型或主要产生无翅后代的豌豆蚜体内的保幼激素III（JH III）进行量化。我们通过汇集12只或更少个体（1微升血淋巴）且处理方式相同的血淋巴来测量JH III滴度。JH的水平范围为30至163皮克/微升。虽然两种处理中的蚜虫在后代具翅型比例上有很大差异，但它们的JH III滴度没有显著差异。在诱导的蚜虫中，JH III滴度与具翅后代的比例之间也没有相关性。这支持了早期的研究结果，即蚜虫的翅二型性可能受其他生理机制调控。
