Lenfant C, Higgins M
National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Md 20892.
Bull Acad Natl Med. 1991 Jan;175(1):103-11; discussion 111-9.
The current burden of cardiovascular disease in the U.S. population and recent trends in morbidity, mortality and risk factors provide a perspective on heart disease in the 21st century. Projections of demographic trends for populations and predictions of the frequency, distribution and characteristics of cardiovascular disease in the future are offered with numerous reservations and subject to revision. Nonetheless, we can expect to see more patients with cardiovascular disease in the next few decades and these patients are likely to be older and to be from the less well-educated and poorer socioeconomic segments of society. Improvements in treatment for the initial cardiovascular event may result in increased survival of women and men suffering permanent damage or disability. There will also be better opportunities to prevent cardiovascular diseases through modifying risk factors in the general population and in high risk individuals. Non-invasive procedures will also increase opportunities for detecting and reversing preclinical atherosclerosis through hygienic and therapeutic measures.
美国人群中心血管疾病的当前负担以及发病率、死亡率和风险因素的近期趋势为21世纪的心脏病提供了一个视角。对人群人口趋势的预测以及对未来心血管疾病的频率、分布和特征的预测存在诸多保留意见且可能会修订。尽管如此，我们预计在未来几十年会看到更多心血管疾病患者，这些患者可能年龄更大，且来自社会中受教育程度较低和经济较贫困的阶层。对初始心血管事件治疗的改善可能会使遭受永久性损伤或残疾的男性和女性存活率提高。通过改变普通人群和高危个体的风险因素，预防心血管疾病也将有更好的机会。非侵入性程序还将增加通过卫生和治疗措施检测和逆转临床前动脉粥样硬化的机会。
