Sherman J K, Hostetler T L, McHenry K, Daly J J
Department of Anatomy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock 72205.
Cryobiology. 1991 Jun;28(3):246-50. doi: 10.1016/0011-2240(91)90029-n.
Despite a 90% cryosurvival of Trichomonas vaginalis in their growth medium trypticase yeast maltose (TYM) with DMSO, none of these parasites have previously been observed to survive during cryopreservation of infected human semen with glycerol (Andrologia 18, 323 (1986)). This could have been due to the failure of the culture method used to detect low numbers of survivors. The prospects of possible transmission of T. vaginalis by artificial insemination with cryobanked (-196 degrees C) semen prompted an investigation of the cryosurvival of this parasite in the presence of semen with the cryoprotectant glycerol, using a more sensitive culture method for viability evaluation. Semen and seminal fluid from the same 23 ejaculates, as well as culture medium, were inoculated with small clinical numbers of T. vaginalis and evaluated as to their survival before and after cryopreservation. Results indicated: (i) The highest cryosurvival of T. vaginalis (4.5%) was in cryobanked (glycerolated) semen, (ii) semen, as well as glycerol, shows cryoprotective action, and (iii) glycerol reduced survival of parasites in semen, seminal fluid, and TYM medium during exposure prior to freezing. Clinical information on infectivity of small numbers of T. vaginalis and the data presented here suggests that these organisms could be transmitted by artificial insemination with infected cryobanked human semen.
尽管阴道毛滴虫在含有二甲基亚砜（DMSO）的胰蛋白酶酵母麦芽糖（TYM）生长培养基中具有90%的冷冻存活率，但此前在甘油冷冻保存感染人类精液的过程中，从未观察到这些寄生虫能够存活（《男科学》18卷，323页（1986年））。这可能是由于所使用的检测少量存活者的培养方法失败所致。通过人工授精使用冷冻保存（-196℃）精液传播阴道毛滴虫的可能性，促使人们使用更灵敏的活力评估培养方法，对该寄生虫在含有冷冻保护剂甘油的精液中的冷冻存活率进行研究。从同一23份射精样本中获取精液和精浆，以及培养基，接种少量临床分离的阴道毛滴虫，并对其冷冻保存前后的存活情况进行评估。结果表明：（i）阴道毛滴虫在冷冻保存（甘油化）精液中的最高冷冻存活率为4.5%，（ii）精液以及甘油均显示出冷冻保护作用，（iii）在冷冻前的暴露过程中，甘油降低了寄生虫在精液、精浆和TYM培养基中的存活率。关于少量阴道毛滴虫感染性的临床信息以及此处呈现的数据表明，这些病原体可能通过人工授精使用感染的冷冻保存人类精液进行传播。
