Sosnovik David E, Nahrendorf Matthias, Weissleder Ralph
Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA 02129, USA.
Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med. 2008 Aug;5 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):S63-70. doi: 10.1038/ncpcardio1115.
Molecular imaging agents can be targeted to a specific receptor or protein on the cardiomyocyte surface, or to enzymes released into the interstitial space, such as cathepsins, matrix metalloproteinases and myeloperoxidase. Molecular imaging of the myocardium, however, requires the imaging agent to be small, sensitive (nanomolar levels or better), and able to gain access to the interstitial space. Several novel agents that fulfill these criteria have been used for targeted molecular imaging applications in the myocardium. Magnetic resonance, fluorescence, and single-photon emission CT have been used to image the molecular signals generated by these agents. The use of targeted imaging agents in the myocardium has the potential to provide valuable insights into the pathophysiology of myocardial injury and to facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
分子成像剂可以靶向心肌细胞表面的特定受体或蛋白质，也可以靶向释放到细胞间质中的酶，如组织蛋白酶、基质金属蛋白酶和髓过氧化物酶。然而，心肌的分子成像要求成像剂体积小、灵敏度高（纳摩尔水平或更高），并且能够进入细胞间质。几种符合这些标准的新型试剂已被用于心肌的靶向分子成像应用。磁共振、荧光和单光子发射计算机断层扫描已被用于对这些试剂产生的分子信号进行成像。在心肌中使用靶向成像剂有可能为心肌损伤的病理生理学提供有价值的见解，并有助于开发新的治疗策略。
