Fields S D
Section of geriatric medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, New York City.
Geriatrics. 1991 Aug;46(8):39-44.
For diagnostic utility, aspects of the standard physical examination are modified for elderly patients. Special attention is paid to problems that interfere with function, such as gait disorders, incontinence, and hearing and visual loss. Certain findings in cardiac and pulmonary examinations of the elderly require different interpretations. The examination should include the head and neck, chest, back, abdomen, breasts and pelvic area in women, prostate in men, extremities, and skin, as well as mental status. A number of diagnostic maneuvers are used to distinguish changes of normal aging from those associated with disease.
为了提高诊断效用，针对老年患者对标准体格检查的某些方面进行了调整。特别关注那些影响功能的问题，如步态障碍、尿失禁以及听力和视力丧失。老年患者心脏和肺部检查中的某些发现需要不同的解读。检查应包括头颈部、胸部、背部、腹部、女性的乳房和盆腔区域、男性的前列腺、四肢、皮肤以及精神状态。使用多种诊断手段来区分正常衰老的变化与疾病相关的变化。
