Seeger R
Verkehrsmedizinische Abteilung, Institut für Rechtsmedizin der Universität Zürich-Irchel.
Ther Umsch. 1997 May;54(5):242-54.
More than half of the Swiss adult population possesses a valid driver's licence. To safely drive a car, certain medical demands are requested by law. Drivers of trucks, taxis and coaches and all drivers past the age of 70, must undergo a periodical medical examination. These examinations are usually performed by general practitioners. The most important legal foundations and the medical examination procedure are explained in this publication. Frequent diseases affecting the patient's driving ability such as poor vision, alcoholism, drug abuse, the early stages of dementia and other physical impairments are presented. Not to be neglected are the number of road traffic accidents resulting from medical reasons. The general practitioner is authorized to contact the authorities if he feels a patient is no longer capable of driving. For this reason, general practitioners should also be aware of the patient's driving capability other than during a periodical traffic examination. The individual's interests have to be carefully considered as opposed to that of society. The problems of general driving capability assessment performed by the general practitioner and possible procedures in case of patient's disagreement are presented.
超过半数的瑞士成年人口拥有有效驾照。法律规定，要安全驾驶汽车，需满足一定的健康要求。卡车、出租车和长途客车司机以及所有70岁以上的司机必须定期进行体检。这些检查通常由全科医生进行。本出版物解释了最重要的法律依据和体检程序。文中介绍了影响患者驾驶能力的常见疾病，如视力不佳、酗酒、药物滥用、痴呆早期以及其他身体损伤。不可忽视的是由医疗原因导致的道路交通事故数量。如果全科医生认为患者不再具备驾驶能力，他有权联系相关部门。因此，全科医生除了在定期交通检查期间，也应了解患者的驾驶能力。与社会利益相比，个人利益必须得到谨慎考虑。文中还介绍了全科医生进行一般驾驶能力评估的问题以及患者不同意评估结果时可能采取的程序。
