Purification of gangliosides by liquid-liquid partition chromatography.

A liquid-liquid partition chromatographic technique was applied to separate amphiphilic glycolipids. A two-phase solvent system composed of n-butanol-t-butyl methyl ether-acetonitrile-water at a volume ratio of 3:1:1:5 was found to be suitable for separating the gangliosides from total lipids extracted from rat brain by liquid-liquid partition chromatographic systems, namely centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) and high-speed counter-current chromatography. GM1 could be separated rapidly by using the upper phase as stationary phase for both systems. Moreover, various kinds of gangliosides (GM1, GD1a, GD1b, GT1b) could be separated individually by using the lower phase as stationary phase by CPC. The sample can be recovered without loss by these systems.