Faroqi-Shah Yasmeen
Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, 0100 Lefrak Hall, College Park, MD 20742, United States.
Neuropsychologia. 2008 Nov;46(13):3088-100. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.06.018. Epub 2008 Jul 3.
Errors in the production of verb inflections, especially tense inflections, are pervasive in agrammatic Broca's aphasia (*The boy eat). The neurolinguistic underpinnings of these errors are debated. One group of theories attributes verb inflection errors to disruptions in encoding the verb's morphophonological form, resulting from either a general phonological deficit or a morphological affixation impairment. A second group of theories attribute verb inflection errors to disruptions that arise during sentence formulation, either for syntactic reasons or due to impairments in making fine semantic distinctions between inflectional variants of a verb (+PAST-->ate, hugged; +FUTURE-->will eat, will hug). These morphophonological and morphosemantic accounts were evaluated by comparing the efficacy of two treatment protocols that exclusively targeted either morphophonological operations or morphosemantic distinctions. Using a single participant design, it was found that aphasic individuals who received morphosemantic treatment showed significant improvement in accurate production of trained and untrained verb inflections in sentence contexts. In contrast, individuals who received morphophonological treatment failed to show improvements in accuracy of sentence production, although the number and diversity of inflected verbs increased. The differential outcomes suggest that morphosemantic impairments contribute to verb inflection deficits in agrammatic aphasia to a greater extent than morphophonological impairments, at least in this group of participants.
动词词形变化，尤其是时态变化的错误，在agrammatic布罗卡失语症（如“男孩吃”）中普遍存在。这些错误的神经语言学基础存在争议。一组理论将动词词形变化错误归因于动词形态音位形式编码的中断，这是由一般语音缺陷或形态词缀附加损伤导致的。另一组理论将动词词形变化错误归因于句子构建过程中出现的中断，这要么是由于句法原因，要么是由于在区分动词的词形变化变体（+过去式→ate，hugged；+将来式→will eat，will hug）之间进行精细语义区分时出现损伤。通过比较两种专门针对形态音位操作或形态语义区分的治疗方案的效果，对这些形态音位和形态语义的解释进行了评估。采用单一被试设计，发现接受形态语义治疗的失语症个体在句子语境中准确产出训练过和未训练过的动词词形变化方面有显著改善。相比之下，接受形态音位治疗的个体在句子产出准确性方面没有表现出改善，尽管词形变化动词的数量和多样性有所增加。不同的结果表明，至少在这组参与者中，形态语义损伤比形态音位损伤在agrammatic失语症的动词词形变化缺陷中起更大的作用。
