Ponte P I P, Prates J A M, Crespo J P, Crespo D G, Mourão J L, Alves S P, Bessa R J B, Chaveiro-Soares M A, Ferreira L M A, Fontes C M G A
Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal-Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal.
Poult Sci. 2008 Aug;87(8):1587-94. doi: 10.3382/ps.2007-00446.
Dehydrated forages are assumed to be good sources of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and lipid-soluble antioxidant compounds (vitamin E homologs and beta-carotene). The effects of including a dehydrated leguminous-based forage in a typical diet for broiler chicken, on performance, meat quality, and fatty acid composition were evaluated. One hundred sixty 1-d-old male commercial broiler chicks (Ross 308) were housed in 20 battery brooders. During the 28-d growth period, the animals were fed ad libitum with a typical maize-soybean high-energy feed having access or not to a dehydrated leguminous-based forage provided in a separate feeder. The results revealed that dehydrated forage intake (which was 11.1% of the total intake) had no impact in broiler performance (P > 0.05). The capacity of ingested forage to modulate broiler meat fatty acid profile and the meat content in total cholesterol, tocopherols, tocotrienols, and beta-carotene was investigated in broiler chicks slaughtered at d 28. Dehydrated forage consumption had no effect on the lipid-soluble antioxidant compounds and cholesterol contents of broiler meat but had a significant effect on meat fatty acid profile. Although forage intake did not affect the linoleic acid and ALA contents in poultry meat, the levels of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids [eicosapentaenoic (P = 0.004), docosapentaenoic (P = 0.010), and docosahexaenoic (P = 0.007)] in breast meat were significantly higher in animals consuming leguminous biomass, which suggest a higher conversion of ALA into its derivatives in these birds. Overall, the data confirms that incorporation of a dehydrated leguminous-based forage in the diet for broiler chicks results in more favorable polyunsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids and n-6/n-3 nutritional ratios for animals slaughtered at earlier stages of grow.
脱水草料被认为是α-亚麻酸（ALA）和脂溶性抗氧化化合物（维生素E同系物和β-胡萝卜素）的良好来源。本研究评估了在肉鸡的典型日粮中添加脱水豆科草料对其生产性能、肉质和脂肪酸组成的影响。160只1日龄的雄性商品代肉鸡（罗斯308）饲养在20个层叠式育雏器中。在28天的生长期间，动物自由采食典型的玉米-大豆高能饲料，同时可选择在单独的喂食器中采食脱水豆科草料或不采食。结果显示，脱水草料摄入量（占总摄入量的11.1%）对肉鸡生产性能无影响（P>0.05）。对28日龄屠宰的肉鸡进行研究，以探究摄入的草料对其肉脂肪酸谱以及肉中总胆固醇、生育酚、生育三烯酚和β-胡萝卜素含量的调节能力。脱水草料的消耗对肉鸡的脂溶性抗氧化化合物和胆固醇含量没有影响，但对肉脂肪酸谱有显著影响。尽管草料摄入量不影响禽肉中亚油酸和ALA的含量，但采食豆科生物质的动物胸肉中n-3长链多不饱和脂肪酸[二十碳五烯酸（P = 0.004）、二十二碳五烯酸（P = 0.010）和二十二碳六烯酸（P = 0.007）]的水平显著更高，这表明这些鸡体内ALA向其衍生物的转化率更高。总体而言，数据证实，在肉鸡日粮中添加脱水豆科草料会使生长早期屠宰的动物的多不饱和脂肪酸/饱和脂肪酸和n-6/n-3营养比更有利。
