Williams David, Happé Francesca
Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, London, SE 5 8AF, UK.
J Autism Dev Disord. 2009 Feb;39(2):251-9. doi: 10.1007/s10803-008-0619-x. Epub 2008 Jul 22.
Two experiments were conducted to explore the extent to which individuals with autism experience difficulties in monitoring their own actions, both online and in memory. Participants with autism performed similarly in terms of levels and, importantly, patterns of performance to IQ-matched comparison participants. Each group found it easier to monitor their own actions/agency than to monitor the agency of the experimenter in a computerized task requiring individuals to distinguish person-caused from computer-caused changes in phenomenology. Both groups also showed a typical 'self-reference effect', recalling their own actions better than those of the experimenter. Both tasks appear to be reliable markers of underlying action monitoring ability, performance on the 'Self' conditions of each task being significantly associated, independent of verbal ability.
进行了两项实验，以探究自闭症患者在实时和记忆中对自身行为进行监测时所遇到困难的程度。自闭症患者在表现水平方面，以及重要的是在表现模式方面，与智商匹配的对照参与者相似。在一项要求个体区分现象学中由人引起的变化和由计算机引起的变化的计算机任务中，两组都发现监测自己的行为/能动性比监测实验者的能动性更容易。两组还都表现出典型的“自我参照效应”，对自己行为的回忆比对实验者行为的回忆更好。这两项任务似乎都是潜在行为监测能力的可靠指标，每个任务“自我”条件下的表现显著相关，且与语言能力无关。
